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46/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 46 out of 100. How common it is

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Plain-language summary

Maintenance of brain function depends on a constant blood supply. Deficits in cerebral blood flow are linked to cognitive decline, and they have detrimental effects on the outcome of ischemia. Hypertension causes alterations in cerebral artery structure and function that can impair blood flow, particularly during an ischemic insult or during periods of low arterial pressure. This review will focus on the historical discoveries, novel developments, and knowledge gaps in 1) hypertensive cerebral artery remodeling, 2) vascular function with emphasis on myogenic reactivity and endothelium-dependent dilation, and 3) blood-brain barrier function. Hypertensive artery remodeling results in reduction in the lumen diameter and an increase in the wall-to-lumen ratio in most cerebral arteries; this is linked to reduced blood flow postischemia and increased ischemic damage. Many factors that are increased in hypertension stimulate remodeling; these include the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reactive oxygen species levels. Endothelial function, vital for endothelium-mediated dilation and regulation of myogenic reactivity, is impaired in hypertension. This is a consequence of alterations in vasodilator mechanisms involving nitric oxide, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, and ion channels, including calcium-activated potassium channels and transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 4. Hypertension causes blood-brain barrier breakdown by mechanisms involving inflammation, oxidative stress, and vasoactive circulating molecules. This exposes neurons to cytotoxic molecules, leading to neuronal loss, cognitive decline, and impaired recovery from ischemia. As the population ages and the incidence of hypertension, stroke, and dementia increases, it is imperative that we gain a better understanding of the control of cerebral artery function in health and disease.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Pires, P. W., Dams Ramos, C. M., Matin, N., & Dorrance, A. M. (2013). The effects of hypertension on the cerebral circulation. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2012

Vancouver

Pires PW, Dams Ramos CM, Matin N, Dorrance AM. The effects of hypertension on the cerebral circulation. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. 2013. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2012. PMID: 23585139.

BibTeX

@article{pires2013-23585139,
  author  = {Pires, P. W. and Dams Ramos, C. M. and Matin, N. and Dorrance, A. M.},
  title   = {{The effects of hypertension on the cerebral circulation}},
  journal = {American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2012},
  pmid    = {23585139},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00490.2012}
}

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How to read this study

Design: this is a narrative review. It summarises a field without a fixed search method, so it shows how authors read the evidence rather than measuring it. Use it to find the primary studies, not as a result in itself.
Size: the record gives no participant count. Look for one in the original before trusting a pattern.
Effect: the record gives no effect size, so the summary above cannot say how large any difference was.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded low. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Low means the abstract matched neither pattern. It is the default label, and it does not mean the work is poor; many sound lab and imaging papers land here. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

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Key findings

Hypertensive artery remodeling results in reduction in the lumen diameter and an increase in the wall-to-lumen ratio in most cerebral arteries; this is linked to reduced blood flow postischemia and increased ischemic damage.

Why it matters

This review describes how hypertension changes the structure and function of cerebral arteries, which can reduce blood flow and worsen damage after ischemia. It identifies mechanisms rather than testing any treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

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Study details

Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 46/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology)
Journal's citation record	3 / 4	American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology: journal h-index 285 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	1 / 5	2013 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	6 / 7	Cited 408 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	4 / 5	27.2 citations a year over 15 year(s) since 2013
Impact for its field and year	4 / 6	Cited 13.9× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	2 / 6	Cited by 7 other studies in this library
Still being cited	3 / 4	Cited 79 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Anne McLaren Dorrance: h-index 39 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	1 / 3	Michigan State University: institution h-index 1,089 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	0 / 3	OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete)
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 23585139)
Free to read	0 / 2	Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total	46 / 100	—

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