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Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid
Rauchmann BS, Sadlon A, Perneczky R, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2020-01-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
The present study explores the associations of soluble TREM2, an important regulator of microglial activity linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), with other known inflammatory proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We studied 303 participants, including 89 controls, 135 mild cognitive impairment, and 79 AD dementia patients. Using established CSF biomarkers, subjects were classified according to the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association research framework, which groups markers into those of amyloid-β deposition (A), tau pathology (T), and neurodegeneration (N).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Rauchmann, B. S., Sadlon, A., Perneczky, R., & Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. (2020). Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-191120
Vancouver
Rauchmann BS, Sadlon A, Perneczky R, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2020. doi:10.3233/jad-191120. PMID: 31958095.
BibTeX
@article{rauchmann2020-31958095,
author = {Rauchmann, B. S. and Sadlon, A. and Perneczky, R. and {Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative}},
title = {{Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.3233/jad-191120},
pmid = {31958095},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-191120}
}
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Key findings
- We studied 303 participants, including 89 controls, 135 mild cognitive impairment, and 79 AD dementia patients.
- Using established CSF biomarkers, subjects were classified according to the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association research framework, which groups markers into those of amyloid-β deposition (A), tau pathology (T), and neurodegeneration (N).
- TNFR1, TNFR2, TGF-β1, TGFβ2, IL-9, TNF-α, ICAM1, and VCAM1 showed significant concentration differences between the ATN groups, with higher concentrations in more advanced disease categories. sTREM2 was positively associated with the pro-inflammatory proteins TNF-α, TNFR1, TNFR2, ICAM1, VCAM1, and IP-10 and negatively with IL-21; also, positive associations with the anti-inflammatory proteins TGFβ1, IL-10, and IL-9 were found.
- Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of sTREM2 in key functional clusters including immunoglobulin and cytokine production and cellular response to lipopolysaccharides, cytokines, and steroid hormones.
Why it matters
In 303 participants including controls, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia patients, several inflammatory proteins in cerebrospinal fluid differed significantly between ATN groups. This is an observational study and does not show whether these proteins cause Alzheimer's disease or whether targeting them would treat it.
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Study details
- Participants303
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 47/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 45 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 47 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Journal of Alzheimer s Disease: journal h-index 218 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2020 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 303 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 4 / 7 | Cited 49 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 6.1 citations a year over 8 year(s) since 2020 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 2.4× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 7 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 20 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | Imperial College London: institution h-index 1,744 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 5 institution(s) in 2 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 31958095) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 45 / 96 | Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 45 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 47 out of 100. |
| Total | 47 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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