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51/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 51 out of 100. Long-term cohort studies

Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis

Plain-language summary

Studies have shown that women on the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum have more pathological tau in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), than men. Some studies have found that higher levels of tau biomarkers are more strongly associated with clinical AD, cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in women than in men. Despite major developments in the use of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) as an AD biomarker, it is unknown whether these sex differences apply to plasma p-tau181.

What this study adds

Evidence grade: Low

This study examined whether sex differences apply to plasma p-tau181 in relation to Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, cognitive decline and clinical progression. It is observational and does not provide a treatment or cure.

Taken from this record’s own fields, not from reading the paper. The grade is assigned from the abstract’s wording; what that means.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Tsiknia, A. A., Edland, S. D., Sundermann, E. E., Reas, E. T., Brewer, J. B., Galasko, D., et al. (2022). Sex differences in plasma p-tau181 associations with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, cognitive decline, and clinical progression. Molecular psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01675-8

Vancouver

Tsiknia AA, Edland SD, Sundermann EE, Reas ET, Brewer JB, Galasko D, et al. Sex differences in plasma p-tau181 associations with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, cognitive decline, and clinical progression. Molecular psychiatry. 2022. doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01675-8. PMID: 35768637.

BibTeX

@article{tsiknia2022-35768637,
  author  = {Tsiknia, A. A. and Edland, S. D. and Sundermann, E. E. and Reas, E. T. and Brewer, J. B. and Galasko, D. and Banks, S. J. and others},
  title   = {{Sex differences in plasma p-tau181 associations with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, cognitive decline, and clinical progression}},
  journal = {Molecular psychiatry},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41380-022-01675-8},
  pmid    = {35768637},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01675-8}
}

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How to read this study

Design: our record does not state a study design, so check the methods section of the original before weighing the result.
Size: the record gives no participant count. Look for one in the original before trusting a pattern.
Effect: the record gives no effect size, so the summary above cannot say how large any difference was.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded low. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Low means the abstract matched neither pattern. It is the default label, and it does not mean the work is poor; many sound lab and imaging papers land here. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

New to reading papers? Six questions to ask of any Alzheimer’s study · how we score.

Key findings

Some studies have found that higher levels of tau biomarkers are more strongly associated with clinical AD, cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in women than in men.
Despite major developments in the use of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) as an AD biomarker, it is unknown whether these sex differences apply to plasma p-tau181.
In 1060 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants (47% women, 73.8 ± 7.6 years old), we examined sex differences in plasma p-tau181 levels and their association with other biomarkers, cognitive decline and incident AD.
Linear regressions tested for an effect of sex on plasma p-tau181 levels and for plasma p-tau181 × sex interactions on CSF p-tau181, as well as entorhinal cortex tau, cortical amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, and brain glucose metabolism, quantified using PET imaging.

Why it matters

Study details

Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 51/100

Published in a leading specialty journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 49 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 51 out of 100.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	9 / 10	Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Molecular psychiatry)
Journal's citation record	3 / 4	Molecular Psychiatry: journal h-index 318 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	3 / 5	2022 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	4 / 7	Cited 99 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	3 / 5	16.5 citations a year over 6 year(s) since 2022
Impact for its field and year	4 / 6	Cited 11.3× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	2 / 6	Cited by 4 other studies in this library
Still being cited	3 / 4	Cited 77 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	— / 4	Senior author's record not available — left out of this score
Institution's track record	2 / 3	University of California San Diego: institution h-index 1,852 (OpenAlex)
Multicenter collaboration	1 / 3	OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 35768637)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Points	49 / 96	Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 49 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 51 out of 100.
Total	51 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

Read the original

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