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Recent Advances in Antibody Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Bispecific Antibodies
Yang HM.. International journal of molecular sciences, 2025-06-28
Topic: Disease mechanisms in lab and animal studies
Alzheimer's disease (AD) impacts more than half a million people worldwide, with no cure available. The regulatory approval of three anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab, has established immunotherapy as a therapeutic approach to modify disease progression. Its multifactorial pathology, which involves amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular dysfunction, limits the efficacy of single-target therapies. The restricted blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), together with small treatment effects, demonstrate the necessity for advanced biologic therapies. Protein engineering advancements have created bispecific antibodies that bind to pathological proteins (e.g., Aβ, tau) and BBB shuttle receptors to boost brain delivery and dual therapeutic effects. This review combines existing information about antibody-based therapy in AD by focusing on bispecific antibody formats and their preclinical and clinical development, as well as biomarker-based patient selection and upcoming combination strategies. The combination of rationally designed bispecific antibodies with fluid and imaging biomarkers could show potential for overcoming existing therapeutic challenges and delivering significant clinical advantages.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Yang, H. M. (2025). Recent Advances in Antibody Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Bispecific Antibodies. International journal of molecular sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136271
Vancouver
Yang HM. Recent Advances in Antibody Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Bispecific Antibodies. International journal of molecular sciences. 2025. doi:10.3390/ijms26136271. PMID: 40650049.
BibTeX
@article{yang2025-40650049,
author = {Yang, H. M.},
title = {{Recent Advances in Antibody Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Bispecific Antibodies}},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.3390/ijms26136271},
pmid = {40650049},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136271}
}
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Key findings
- The combination of rationally designed bispecific antibodies with fluid and imaging biomarkers could show potential for overcoming existing therapeutic challenges and delivering significant clinical advantages.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 45/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 26 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 45 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (International journal of molecular sciences) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40650049) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 26 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 26 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 45 out of 100. |
| Total | 45 / 100 | — |
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