Home › Research › Disparities
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors Associated With Severe COVID-19 Among Older Adults With ADRD
Qiuyuan Qin, Peter Veazie, Helena Temkin-Greener, Rajesh Makineni, Shubing Cai. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2023-03-09
Topic: Health services, long-term care and technology
We found higher risks of COVID-19-related outcomes among Black and Hispanic individuals. The areas under the curve of the models with identified risk factors were 0.65 to 0.68 for mortality and 0.61 to 0.62 for hospitalization across racial/ethnic subgroups. Although some identified risk factors (eg, age, gender) for COVID-19-related outcomes were common among all racial/ethnic subgroups, other risk factors (eg, hypertension, obesity) varied by racial/ethnic subgroups. Furthermore, the associations between some common risk factors and COVID-19-related outcomes also varied by race/ethnicity. Being male was related to 138.2% (95% CI: 1.996-2.841), 64.7% (95% CI: 1.546-1.755), and 37.1% (95% CI: 1.192-1.578) increased odds of death among Hispanic, White, and Black individuals, respectively. In addition, the racial/ethnic disparity in COVID-19-related outcomes could not be completely explained by the identified risk factors. CONCLUSIONS AND Racial/ethnic differences were detected in the likelihood of having COVID-19-related outcomes, specific risk factors, and relationships between specific risk factors and COVID-19-related outcomes. Future research is needed to elucidate the reasons for these differences.
Key findings
- We found higher risks of COVID-19-related outcomes among Black and Hispanic individuals.
- The areas under the curve of the models with identified risk factors were 0.65 to 0.68 for mortality and 0.61 to 0.62 for hospitalization across racial/ethnic subgroups.
- Although some identified risk factors (eg, age, gender) for COVID-19-related outcomes were common among all racial/ethnic subgroups, other risk factors (eg, hypertension, obesity) varied by racial/ethnic subgroups.
- Furthermore, the associations between some common risk factors and COVID-19-related outcomes also varied by race/ethnicity.
- Being male was related to 138.2% (95% CI: 1.996-2.841), 64.7% (95% CI: 1.546-1.755), and 37.1% (95% CI: 1.192-1.578) increased odds of death among Hispanic, White, and Black individuals, respectively.
New to this subject? Start with our plain-English guide: Disparities →
Study details
- Participants138,533
- Effect size138.2%; 64.7%; 37.1%
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 57/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 32 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 57 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of the American Medical Directors Association) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2023 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 4 / 4 | 138,533 participants |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 37015322) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 32 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 32 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 57 out of 100. |
| Total | 57 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
Free copy unknown: no free-copy check has an answer for this record yet. That does not mean it is paywalled.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Qin, Q., Veazie, P., Temkin-Greener, H., Makineni, R., & Cai, S. (2023). Racial/Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors Associated With Severe COVID-19 Among Older Adults With ADRD. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2023.02.111
Vancouver
Qin Q, Veazie P, Temkin-Greener H, Makineni R, Cai S. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors Associated With Severe COVID-19 Among Older Adults With ADRD. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2023.02.111. PMID: 37015322.
BibTeX
@article{qin2023-37015322,
author = {Qin, Qiuyuan and Veazie, Peter and Temkin-Greener, Helena and Makineni, Rajesh and Cai, Shubing},
title = {{Racial/Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors Associated With Severe COVID-19 Among Older Adults With ADRD}},
journal = {Journal of the American Medical Directors Association},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1016/j.jamda.2023.02.111},
pmid = {37015322},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2023.02.111}
}
Related studies in Disparities
Also tagged “deaths”
109 studies in the library carry the topic tag “deaths”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 109 tagged studies.