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Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD)
McMaster M, Kim S, Clare L, Torres SJ, Cherbuin N, DʼEste C, Anstey KJ.. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2020-09-09
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Background/objectives To evaluate the efficacy of a multidomain intervention to reduce lifestyle risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and improve cognition in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Design The study was an 8-week two-arm single-blind proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. Setting Community-dwelling individuals living in Canberra, Australia, and surrounding areas. Participants Participants were 119 individuals (intervention n = 57; control n = 62) experiencing SCD or MCI. Intervention The control condition involved four educational modules covering dementia and lifestyle risk factors, Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and cognitive engagement. Participants were instructed to implement this information into their own lifestyle. The intervention condition included the same educational modules and additional active components to assist with the implementation of this information into participants' lifestyles: dietitian sessions, an exercise physiologist session, and online brain training. Measurements Lifestyle risk factors for AD were assessed using the Australian National University-Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI), and cognition was assessed using Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale, Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire, Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Trail Making Test-B, and Category Fluency. Results The primary analysis showed that the intervention group had a significantly lower ANU-ADRI score (χ 2 = 10.84; df = 3; P = .013) and a significantly higher cognition score (χ 2 = 7.28; df = 2; P = .026) than the control group. A secondary analysis demonstrated that the changes in lifestyle were driven by increases in protective lifestyle factors (χ 2 = 12.02; df = 3; P = .007), rather than a reduction in risk factors (χ 2 = 2.93; df = 3; P = .403), and cognitive changes were only apparent for the SDMT (χ 2 = 6.46; df = 2; P = .040). Results were robust to intention-to-treat analysis controlling for missing data. Conclusion Results support the hypothesis that improvements in lifestyle risk factors for dementia can lead to improvements in cognition over a short time frame with a population experiencing cognitive decline. Outcomes from this trial support the conduct of a larger and longer trial with this participant group.
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APA 7th
McMaster, M., Kim, S., Clare, L., Torres, S. J., Cherbuin, N., DʼEste, C., et al. (2020). Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD). Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16762
Vancouver
McMaster M, Kim S, Clare L, Torres SJ, Cherbuin N, DʼEste C, et al. Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD). Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2020. doi:10.1111/jgs.16762. PMID: 32909259.
BibTeX
@article{mcmaster2020-32909259,
author = {McMaster, M. and Kim, S. and Clare, L. and Torres, S. J. and Cherbuin, N. and DʼEste, C. and Anstey, K. J.},
title = {{Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD)}},
journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1111/jgs.16762},
pmid = {32909259},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16762}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Results The primary analysis showed that the intervention group had a significantly lower ANU-ADRI score (χ 2 = 10.84; df = 3; P = .013) and a significantly higher cognition score (χ 2 = 7.28; df = 2; P = .026) than the control group.
- A secondary analysis demonstrated that the changes in lifestyle were driven by increases in protective lifestyle factors (χ 2 = 12.02; df = 3; P = .007), rather than a reduction in risk factors (χ 2 = 2.93; df = 3; P = .403), and cognitive changes were only apparent for the SDMT (χ 2 = 6.46; df = 2; P = .040).
- Results were robust to intention-to-treat analysis controlling for missing data.
- Conclusion Results support the hypothesis that improvements in lifestyle risk factors for dementia can lead to improvements in cognition over a short time frame with a population experiencing cognitive decline.
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Study details
- Study designrandomized controlled trial
- Participants57
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 74/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a randomised controlled trial. Scored zero for effect reported because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 43 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 74 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of the American Geriatrics Society) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 11 / 12 | A randomised controlled trial |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2020 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 57 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 2 / 2 | Randomised and blinded or placebo-controlled (as stated in the record) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 32909259) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 43 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 43 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 74 out of 100. |
| Total | 74 / 100 | — |
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