HIV-associated nephropathy

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

The high prevalence of injecting drug use among affected patients prompted some authors to conclude that concurrent heroin nephropathy, not HIV-1 infection per se, was responsible for this renal syndrome. As a result, HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) became recognized as a separate entity and soon was found to be the most common cause of chronic renal failure and end stage renal disease (ESRD) in HIV-1 infected patients [5,6]. Despite the presence of proteinuria that is often in the nephrotic range, most patients with HIVAN do not have significant peripheral edema [15]. These observations, coupled with the finding that HIV-seropositive patients often have a decreased ability to conserve sodium [17] suggest that HIVAN may be a salt-wasting disease. Serologic studies are usually negative although a significant percentage of HIV-1 seropositive patients are co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) [18]. Since firmly establishing the diagnosis of HIVAN versus a different renal disease is important to guide treatment and provides prognostic information, clinicians should have a low threshold for obtaining renal biopsies in HIV-1-seropositive patients with significant proteinuria and/or renal insufficiency. The interpretation and reporting of these data are the responsibility of the author(s) and in no way should be seen as an official policy or interpretation of the US Government.As a result of the decline in mortality from AIDS, however, the number of black patients who are living with HIV infection or AIDS has increased dramatically (Fig. 3) [23]. Though this study did not specify the types of renal disease, the presence of renal disease was disproportionately higher in black (11.9%) compared to white patients (3.3%), suggesting that a this difference (8.6%) may reflect underlying HIVAN. Recently, published data from the HIV Epidemiology Research Study Group revealed that among HIV-1 seropositive women (without AIDS), 7.2% had renal abnormalities (defined as serum creatinine > 1.4 mg/dl or > 2+ proteinuria on urinary dipstick) at baseline. Furthermore, after adjusting for multiple comorbidities, the presence of renal disease was with a increased risk of death While the of HIVAN has been studied in the it is to be most in the more than living with HIV/AIDS nearly in the prevalence of HIVAN among is similar to that among African there are and cases of HIVAN in this Despite these however, there is a of published data the of HIVAN in for These include a of a fai

Key findings

• The high prevalence of injecting drug use among affected patients prompted some authors to conclude that concurrent heroin nephropathy, not HIV-1 infection per se, was responsible for this renal syndrome.
• As a result, HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) became recognized as a separate entity and soon was found to be the most common cause of chronic renal failure and end stage renal disease (ESRD) in HIV-1 infected patients [5,6].
• Despite the presence of proteinuria that is often in the nephrotic range, most patients with HIVAN do not have significant peripheral edema [15].
• These observations, coupled with the finding that HIV-seropositive patients often have a decreased ability to conserve sodium [17] suggest that HIVAN may be a salt-wasting disease.
• Serologic studies are usually negative although a significant percentage of HIV-1 seropositive patients are co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) [18].

Why it matters

This article describes HIV-associated nephropathy, a kidney disease in people with HIV, and does not address Alzheimer's disease at all. It provides no information relevant to treating, curing, or preventing Alzheimer's disease.

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Study details

• Participants200
• Effect size3.5%; 11.9%; 3.3%
• Evidence strengthModerate

Read the original

• DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200405210-00002
• PubMed: 15166524
• Original source →

May need a subscription OpenAlex found no free copy of the full text (checked 6 Feb 1020), so the publisher may charge for it. The PubMed abstract is free.

@article{ross2004-15166524,
  author  = {Ross, Michael J. and Klotman, Paul E.},
  title   = {{HIV-associated nephropathy}},
  journal = {AIDS},
  year    = {2004},
  doi     = {10.1097/00002030-200405210-00002},
  pmid    = {15166524},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200405210-00002}
}

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