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Extrapyramidal signs and psychiatric symptoms predict faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease
Chui HC, Lyness SA, Sobel E, Schneider LS.. Archives of neurology, 1994-07-01
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Objective To identify clinical predictors of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Design A cohort of patients was followed up longitudinally and the likelihood of arriving at two cognitive end points was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model and eight explanatory variables. Setting Subjects were chosen from patients examined for memory loss at two medical centers affiliated with the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Key findings
- Design A cohort of patients was followed up longitudinally and the likelihood of arriving at two cognitive end points was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model and eight explanatory variables.
- Setting Subjects were chosen from patients examined for memory loss at two medical centers affiliated with the University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
- Patients The sample included 135 patients who met National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for probable or definite Alzheimer's disease, had initial Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores of 14 or greater, and had been seen on at least two occasions.
- Main outcome measures The time to reach either of two end points, ie, MMSE score of 8 and a decline of six points on the MMSE, was assessed.
Why it matters
This cohort study followed 135 patients with Alzheimer's disease to identify clinical predictors of faster cognitive decline. It describes which symptoms predict decline and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
Study details
- Participants135
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 50/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Archives of neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | Archives of Neurology: journal h-index 353 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 1994 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 135 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 218 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 6.4 citations a year over 34 year(s) since 1994 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 7.9× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 3 / 6 | Cited by 10 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 4 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 3 / 4 | Last-listed author Lon S. Schneider: h-index 73 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | University of Southern California: institution h-index 1,521 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 8018040) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 50 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
May need a subscription OpenAlex found no free copy of the full text (checked 6 Feb 1020), so the publisher may charge for it. The PubMed abstract is free.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Chui, H. C., Lyness, S. A., Sobel, E., & Schneider, L. S. (1994). Extrapyramidal signs and psychiatric symptoms predict faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Archives of neurology. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1994.00540190056015
Vancouver
Chui HC, Lyness SA, Sobel E, Schneider LS. Extrapyramidal signs and psychiatric symptoms predict faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Archives of neurology. 1994. doi:10.1001/archneur.1994.00540190056015. PMID: 8018040.
BibTeX
@article{chui1994-8018040,
author = {Chui, H. C. and Lyness, S. A. and Sobel, E. and Schneider, L. S.},
title = {{Extrapyramidal signs and psychiatric symptoms predict faster cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease}},
journal = {Archives of neurology},
year = {1994},
doi = {10.1001/archneur.1994.00540190056015},
pmid = {8018040},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1994.00540190056015}
}
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