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Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: targeting dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin
Sabri Engin Altıntop, Emine Feyza Yurt, Gözde Şengül Ayçiçek, Salim Neşeli̇oğlu, Özcan Erel, Burcu Balam Doğu, Mustafa Cankurtaran, Meltem Gulhan Halil. Neurological Research, 2025-08-26
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Objectives Oxidative stress plays a key role in the progression of chronic disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study aimed to assess oxidative stress in MCI and AD patients using ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and dynamic thiol – disulfide homeostasis (TDH), and to investigate their potential as prognostic biomarkers.Methods A total of 128 participants were included in this study: 44 with normal cognition, 44 with MCI, and 40 with AD. All patients were evaluated based on mental status, comorbidities, and laboratory parameters. Serum levels of native thiol, total thiol, disulfide bonds, and IMA were measured.Result Native and total thiol levels were significantly lower in late-stage AD patients compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, thiol levels were also significantly lower in the combined middle- and late-stage AD group compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Although thiol levels in MCI patients were lower than in controls and higher than in AD, the differences were not statistically significant. Thiol levels positively correlated with MMSE scores (p ≤ 0.05) and showed a marked decline with advancing age (p < 0.001). Hypertensive patients also had significantly lower thiol levels compared to those without hypertension (p < 0.05).Conclusion Our findings suggest that total and native thiol levels decline with cognitive deterioration and advancing age. These oxidative stress biomarkers might hold potential as supportive tools in the prognostic assessment of patients, particularly those with Alzheimer’s disease.
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APA 7th
Altıntop, S. E., Yurt, E. F., Ayçiçek, G. Ş., Neşeli̇oğlu, S., Erel, Ö., Doğu, B. B., et al. (2025). Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: targeting dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin. Neurological Research. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2025.2551865
Vancouver
Altıntop SE, Yurt EF, Ayçiçek GŞ, Neşeli̇oğlu S, Erel Ö, Doğu BB, et al. Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: targeting dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin. Neurological Research. 2025. doi:10.1080/01616412.2025.2551865. PMID: 40859599.
BibTeX
@article{altntop2025-40859599,
author = {Altıntop, Sabri Engin and Yurt, Emine Feyza and Ayçiçek, Gözde Şengül and Neşeli̇oğlu, Salim and Erel, Özcan and Doğu, Burcu Balam and Cankurtaran, Mustafa and Halil, Meltem Gulhan},
title = {{Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: targeting dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin}},
journal = {Neurological Research},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1080/01616412.2025.2551865},
pmid = {40859599},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2025.2551865}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Serum levels of native thiol, total thiol, disulfide bonds, and IMA were measured.Result Native and total thiol levels were significantly lower in late-stage AD patients compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05).
- Furthermore, thiol levels were also significantly lower in the combined middle- and late-stage AD group compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05).
- Although thiol levels in MCI patients were lower than in controls and higher than in AD, the differences were not statistically significant.
- Hypertensive patients also had significantly lower thiol levels compared to those without hypertension (p < 0.05).Conclusion Our findings suggest that total and native thiol levels decline with cognitive deterioration and advancing age.
Why it matters
This study found that native and total thiol levels were significantly lower in late-stage Alzheimer's disease patients than controls, but the differences in mild cognitive impairment patients were not statistically significant. It does not test a treatment or cure, and it only suggests these oxidative stress markers may be useful for monitoring cognitive deterioration.
Study details
- Participants128
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 35/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neurological Research) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Neurological Research: journal h-index 108 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 128 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 1 / 7 | Cited 1 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 1 / 6 | Cited 0.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 1 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Meltem Gulhan Halil: h-index 38 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Hacettepe University: institution h-index 410 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40859599) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 35 / 100 | — |
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