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57/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Getting a diagnosis

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Self- and informant-reported ADL and IADL impairments were examined at overall and item levels. Informant-reported, but not self-reported, impairments were consistently associated with poorer cognition across domains, particularly executive function (informant-reported ADL: β = –0.71 SD, 95% CI –0.89 to –0.53) and memory (informant-reported IADL: β = –0.46 SD, 95% CI –0.60 to –0.32), and higher dementia risk (ADL: HR = 3.13, 95% CI 1.23 to 7.96; IADL: HR = 5.00, 95% CI 2.40 to 10.43). These findings should be interpreted in the context of a population-based sample with attrition.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Gao, Y., Zaninotto, P., & Steptoe, A. (2026). Associations of self- and informant-reported functional impairment with cognitive performance and incident dementia. The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100482

Vancouver

Gao Y, Zaninotto P, Steptoe A. Associations of self- and informant-reported functional impairment with cognitive performance and incident dementia. The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease. 2026. doi:10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100482. PMID: 41548525.

BibTeX

@article{gao2026-41548525,
  author  = {Gao, Yaqing and Zaninotto, Paola and Steptoe, Andrew},
  title   = {{Associations of self- and informant-reported functional impairment with cognitive performance and incident dementia}},
  journal = {The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100482},
  pmid    = {41548525},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100482}
}

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Key findings

Self- and informant-reported ADL and IADL impairments were examined at overall and item levels.
Informant-reported, but not self-reported, impairments were consistently associated with poorer cognition across domains, particularly executive function (informant-reported ADL: β = –0.71 SD, 95% CI –0.89 to –0.53) and memory (informant-reported IADL: β = –0.46 SD, 95% CI –0.60 to –0.32), and higher dementia risk (ADL: HR = 3.13, 95% CI 1.23 to 7.96; IADL: HR = 5.00, 95% CI 2.40 to 10.43).
These findings should be interpreted in the context of a population-based sample with attrition.

Why it matters

Informant-reported, but not self-reported, functional impairments were associated with poorer cognition and higher dementia risk. This may help identify people at risk, but it does not offer a treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.

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Study details

Study designlongitudinal study
Participants1,050
Effect sizeHR = 3.13; HR = 5.00
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 57/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease)
Journal's citation record	0 / 4	The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease: journal h-index 63 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	7 / 12	A longitudinal study following the same people over time
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	5 / 5	2026 — within 1 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	3 / 4	1,050 participants
Effect reported	3 / 3	Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	1 / 7	Cited 2 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	1 / 5	1.0 citations a year over 2 year(s) since 2026
Impact for its field and year	4 / 6	Cited 9.5× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	0 / 4	Cited 2 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	4 / 4	Last-listed author Andrew Steptoe: h-index 167 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	2 / 3	University College London: institution h-index 2,029 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	0 / 3	OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete)
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41548525)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	57 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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