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Association between air pollutants and dementia risk in the elderly
Wu YC, Lin YC, Yu HL, Chen JH, Chen TF, Sun Y, Wen LL, Yip PK et al.. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2015-05-14
Topic: Air pollution and environmental exposures
Background The aging rate in Taiwan is the second highest in the world. As the population ages quickly, the prevalence of dementia increases rapidly. There are some studies that have explored the association between air pollution and cognitive decline, but the association between air pollution and dementia has not been directly evaluated. Methods This was a case-control study comprising 249 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 125 vascular dementia (VaD) patients, and 497 controls from three teaching hospitals in northern Taiwan from 2007 to 2010. Data of particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM10) and ozone were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration for 12 and 14 years, respectively. Blood samples were collected to determine the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 haplotype. Bayesian maximum entropy was used to estimate the individual exposure level of air pollutants, which was then tertiled for analysis. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals between the association of PM10 and ozone exposure with AD and VaD risk. Results The highest tertile of PM10 (≥49.23 μg/m(3)) or ozone (≥21.56 ppb) exposure was associated with increased AD risk (highest vs. lowest tertile of PM10: AOR = 4.17; highest vs. lowest tertile of ozone: AOR = 2.00). Similar finding was observed for VaD. The association with AD and VaD risk remained for the highest tertile PM10 exposure after stratification by APOE ɛ4 status and gender. Conclusions Long-term exposure to the highest tertile of PM10 or ozone was significantly associated with an increased risk of AD and VaD.
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APA 7th
Wu, Y. C., Lin, Y. C., Yu, H. L., Chen, J. H., Chen, T. F., Sun, Y., et al. (2015). Association between air pollutants and dementia risk in the elderly. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadm.2014.11.015
Vancouver
Wu YC, Lin YC, Yu HL, Chen JH, Chen TF, Sun Y, et al. Association between air pollutants and dementia risk in the elderly. Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2015. doi:10.1016/j.dadm.2014.11.015. PMID: 27239507.
BibTeX
@article{wu2015-27239507,
author = {Wu, Y. C. and Lin, Y. C. and Yu, H. L. and Chen, J. H. and Chen, T. F. and Sun, Y. and Wen, L. L. and Yip, P. K. and others},
title = {{Association between air pollutants and dementia risk in the elderly}},
journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1016/j.dadm.2014.11.015},
pmid = {27239507},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadm.2014.11.015}
}
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Key findings
- Results The highest tertile of PM10 (≥49.23 μg/m(3)) or ozone (≥21.56 ppb) exposure was associated with increased AD risk (highest vs. lowest tertile of PM10: AOR = 4.17; highest vs. lowest tertile of ozone: AOR = 2.00).
- Conclusions Long-term exposure to the highest tertile of PM10 or ozone was significantly associated with an increased risk of AD and VaD.
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Study details
- Study designcase-control study
- Effect sizeAOR = 4.17; AOR = 2.00
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 60/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a case-control study. Scored zero for sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 35 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 60 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 6 / 12 | A case-control study |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2015 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 27239507) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 35 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 35 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 60 out of 100. |
| Total | 60 / 100 | — |
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