Alzheimer Disease: An Integrated Multidisciplinary Perspective on Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Contemporary Therapeutic Advances for Pharmacists, Neurologists, Nurses, Health Information Professionals, and Healthcare Assistants
Yahya Mohammed Jordy Qaisi, Saud Ahmed Ali Kabani, Mansour Ahmed Salman Amri, Asma Fareed Alshammari, Moneerah Shaman Fahid Aljuhani, Hissah Sunytan Nasser Almutairi, Obaid Mubarak Alluwaymi, Reham Fahad Ahmad Mani et al.. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 2025-12-31
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Alzheimer disease involves interacting mechanisms that include amyloid-beta accumulation, abnormal tau phosphorylation and aggregation, cholinergic dysfunction, synaptic degeneration, neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, vascular pathology, and genetic susceptibility. Increasing age represents the principal epidemiological risk factor, while APOE ε4, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and family history contribute to disease susceptibility. Diagnosis integrates clinical assessment, cognitive testing, laboratory investigations, structural and functional neuroimaging, and selected amyloid and tau biomarkers. Current management includes cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, behavioral interventions, lifestyle measures, and emerging amyloid-targeting disease-modifying therapies. Alzheimer disease represents a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder requiring integrated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Earlier identification of pathological changes and continued development of disease-modifying interventions may improve clinical outcomes and reduce disease burden.
Key findings
- Alzheimer disease involves interacting mechanisms that include amyloid-beta accumulation, abnormal tau phosphorylation and aggregation, cholinergic dysfunction, synaptic degeneration, neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, vascular pathology, and genetic susceptibility.
- Increasing age represents the principal epidemiological risk factor, while APOE ε4, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and family history contribute to disease susceptibility.
- Diagnosis integrates clinical assessment, cognitive testing, laboratory investigations, structural and functional neuroimaging, and selected amyloid and tau biomarkers.
- Current management includes cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, behavioral interventions, lifestyle measures, and emerging amyloid-targeting disease-modifying therapies.
- Alzheimer disease represents a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder requiring integrated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Why it matters
This narrative review describes Alzheimer's disease as a multifactorial condition involving many interacting mechanisms, with increasing age as the main risk factor. It notes that current management includes cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, behavioral and lifestyle measures, and emerging amyloid-targeting therapies.
New to this subject? Start with our plain-English guide: Genetics →
Study details
- Study designnarrative review
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 27/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 26 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 27 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health) |
| Journal's citation record | 0 / 4 | Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health: journal h-index 2 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | Design recorded as “narrative review”, which our rubric does not rank (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 0 / 7 | Cited 0 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 0 / 6 | Cited 0.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 0 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | OpenAlex's profile for last-listed author Mohammad Mitran Zailaie holds only 2 work(s), too few to judge a track record — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Ministry of Health: institution h-index 228 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 1 / 2 | Not in PubMed, but has a DOI |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 26 / 96 | Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 26 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 27 out of 100. |
| Total | 27 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.64483/202522763
- Original source →
- Free full text: Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Qaisi, Y. M. J., Kabani, S. A. A., Amri, M. A. S., Alshammari, A. F., Aljuhani, M. S. F., Almutairi, H. S. N., et al. (2025). Alzheimer Disease: An Integrated Multidisciplinary Perspective on Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Contemporary Therapeutic Advances for Pharmacists, Neurologists, Nurses, Health Information Professionals, and Healthcare Assistants. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.64483/202522763
Vancouver
Qaisi YMJ, Kabani SAA, Amri MAS, Alshammari AF, Aljuhani MSF, Almutairi HSN, et al. Alzheimer Disease: An Integrated Multidisciplinary Perspective on Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Contemporary Therapeutic Advances for Pharmacists, Neurologists, Nurses, Health Information Professionals, and Healthcare Assistants. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health. 2025. doi:10.64483/202522763.
BibTeX
@article{qaisi2025-2448a12c,
author = {Qaisi, Yahya Mohammed Jordy and Kabani, Saud Ahmed Ali and Amri, Mansour Ahmed Salman and Alshammari, Asma Fareed and Aljuhani, Moneerah Shaman Fahid and Almutairi, Hissah Sunytan Nasser and Alluwaymi, Obaid Mubarak and Mani, Reham Fahad Ahmad and others},
title = {{Alzheimer Disease: An Integrated Multidisciplinary Perspective on Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Contemporary Therapeutic Advances for Pharmacists, Neurologists, Nurses, Health Information Professionals, and Healthcare Assistants}},
journal = {Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.64483/202522763},
url = {https://doi.org/10.64483/202522763}
}
Related studies in Genetics
Also in Genetics
173 studies in the library are filed under Genetics with no topic tag they share with another; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed tour of them. The Genetics hub.