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Research

27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 426–450 of 868 studies in Inflammation and the immune system (page 18 of 35) · 27,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Other subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 12,859 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

What “Inflammation and the immune system” covers

Inflammation and the immune system — The brain's immune cells and inflammatory signals, and their role in how Alzheimer's starts and progresses.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Human iPSC-derived APOE4/4 Alzheimer´s disease astrocytes exhibit a senescent and pro-inflammatory state that compromises neuronal support

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 44 out of 100. Journal of Neuroinflammation 2025-12-12

Alzheimer´s disease (AD) is dominated by a complex cellular pathology which involves most brain cell types with glial cells increasingly recognized as playing fundamental roles in neurodegeneration. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Aluminum and Alzheimer's disease in the 21st century: An umbrella review of evidence and controversies

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 44 out of 100. Neurotoxicology 2026-07-24

The potential role of aluminum (Al) in the onset and progression of Alzheimer disease (AD) remains among the most enduring and divisive controversies in environmental neurotoxicology. 2 key findings →

Design: meta-analysis Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

A Systematic Review to Evaluate the Effect of Neflamapimod on Cognitive Function and Progression of Dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 44 out of 100. Neurology India 2026-01-09

Treatment options for dementia mainly comprise of symptomatic treatment, as no disease-modifying therapy currently exists that directly reduces the pathology. 3 key findings →

Design: systematic review Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Downregulation of synapse-associated protein expression and loss of homeostatic microglial control in cerebrospinal fluid of infectious patients with delirium and patients with Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 44 out of 100. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2020-06-24

Delirium is a complex and multifactorial condition associated with long-term cognitive decline. 4 key findings →

Participants: 15 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in glial cells

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Antioxidants & redox signaling 2006-05-01

Elevated levels of NO produced within the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative human diseases such as multiple sclerosis, HIV dementia, brain ischemia, trauma, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Clearance and deposition of extracellular alpha-synuclein aggregates in microglia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2008-05-19

Abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein in neurons and glia is implicated in many neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

A central role for astrocytes in the inflammatory response to beta-amyloid; chemokines, cytokines and reactive oxygen species are produced

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of neuroimmunology 1999-01-01

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest form of adult onset dementia and is characterised neuropathologically by the accumulation of plaques containing beta-amyloid (A beta) fibrils, reactive astrocytes, activated microglia, and leukocytes. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Amyloid-beta protein oligomer at low nanomolar concentrations activates microglia and induces microglial neurotoxicity

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. The Journal of biological chemistry 2010-10-22

Neuroinflammation and associated neuronal dysfunction mediated by activated microglia play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Understanding the Role of Systemic Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. ACS chemical neuroscience 2019-06-26

Human and animal studies suggest that inflammation occurring outside the central nervous system (systemic inflammation) may play a key role in promoting neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease pathology, and cognitive decline in older adults. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Pathophysiological Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. International neurourology journal 2016-05-26

Brain diseases and disorders such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, depression, schizophrenia, autism, and addiction lead to reduced quality of daily life through abnormal thoughts, perceptions, emotional states, and behavior. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The role of NLRP3-CASP1 in inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation and autophagy dysfunction in manganese-induced, hippocampal-dependent impairment of learning and memory ability

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Autophagy 2017-02-27

Central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and autophagy dysfunction are known to be involved in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Microglial phenotypes and toll-like receptor 2 in the substantia nigra and hippocampus of incidental Lewy body disease cases and Parkinson's disease patients

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Acta neuropathologica communications 2014-08-07

Next to α-synuclein deposition, microglial activation is a prominent pathological feature in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy as critical players in vascular dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 2020-09-01

Vascular dementia is the second-most cause of dementia, characterized by cerebral infarcts, white matter lesions, myelin loss and often amyloid angiopathy. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Chronic neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury: Alzheimer disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or persistent neuroinflammation?

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics 2015-01-01

It has long been suggested that prior traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the subsequent incidence of chronic neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection alters chemokine beta peptide expression in human monocytes: implications for recruitment of leukocytes into brain and lymph nodes

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996-01-01

Two chemokine (chemoattractant cytokines) beta peptides, macrophage inflammatory proteins 1 alpha and 1 beta (MIP-1 alpha and MIP-1 beta), were induced in human monocyte cultures following infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed