Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is widely regarded as a potential preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet its genetic basis remains poorly understood. 5 key findings →
Participants: 9,284
Evidence: moderate
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We identified associations in EAs with variants in 12 novel loci. 3 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Evidence: moderate
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Original source
56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Nature genetics
·
2026-08-27
Previously derived polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) perform inconsistently across diverse ancestries. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort
Evidence: high
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Nature Aging
·
2026-05-15
The APOE locus is the strongest genetic factor for Alzheimer's disease, with ε4 increasing and ε2 decreasing risk, yet the basis of these opposing effects remains unclear. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort
Evidence: moderate
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Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) is a major cholesterol carrier that supports lipid transport and injury repair in the brain. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
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Apolipoprotein E (APOE) dependent lifetime risks (LTRs) for Alzheimer Disease (AD) are currently not accurately known and odds ratios alone are insufficient to assess these risks. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
1999-05-01
The combined measure of CSF Abeta42 and tau meets the requirements for clinical use in discriminating AD from normal aging and specific neurologic disorders. 4 key findings →
Participants: 84
Evidence: low
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Nature genetics
·
1998-08-01
Alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha-2M; encoded by the gene A2M) is a serum pan-protease inhibitor that has been implicated in Alzheimer disease (AD) based on its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A beta, the major component of beta-amyloid deposits. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
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Cerebrospinal fluid tau and CSF-Abeta42 have so far been studied in research settings, under conditions providing data on the optimal performance. 1 key finding →
Participants: 105
Evidence: low
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2009-07-08
PIB-positive subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are significantly more likely to convert to AD than PIB-negative patients, faster converters having higher PIB retention levels at baseline than slower converters. 4 key findings →
Evidence: low
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
PLoS medicine
·
2017-03-21
Identifying individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer disease (AD) is of utmost importance. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
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The amyloid β subgroups did not differ for any psychobehavioural, cognitive, actigraphy, and structural and functional neuroimaging results after adjustment for age, sex, and level of education More participants positive for amyloid β deposition had the APOE ε4 allele (33 [38%] vs 29 [13%], p 1-42 concentration in CSF significantly correlated with mean 18 F-florbetapir uptake at baseline (r=-0·62, p 1-42 to amyloid β 1-40 (r=-0·61, p 18 F-florbetapir uptake at baseline (mean standard uptake value ratio 1·46 [SD 0·16] vs 1·02 [SD 0·20]), and more were carriers of the APOE ε4 allele (three [75%] of four vs 33 [39%] of 83). 1 key finding →
Participants: 318
Evidence: low
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This risk score could be used to identify persons at risk of LOAD, but can also be used to adjust for confounders in epidemiologic studies. 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Evidence: moderate
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2015-07-15
Our findings suggest that inflammation in the CNS increases in normal aging and is intimately related to markers of neurodegeneration in the preclinical stages of AD and SNAP. sAPPβ and β-secretase activity are not useful diagnostic or staging markers in preclinical AD. 2 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Evidence: moderate
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2014-07-01
Microbleed presence was associated with lower CSF Aβ42 in AD and vascular dementia (standardized beta = -0.09, P = .003; standardized beta = -0.30, P = .01), and higher CSF tau in controls (standardized beta = 0.10, P = .03). 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 914
Evidence: moderate
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It was one of the genes most strongly associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease in a Belgian cohort. 5 key findings →
Participants: 183
Evidence: moderate
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2015-01-07
The proportion of progressors was 11% (8/41), 34% (14/41), 56% (19/34), and 71% (60/85) in A-N-, A+N-, SNAP, and A+N+, respectively; the proportion of APOE ε4 carriers was 29%, 70%, 31%, and 71%, respectively, with the SNAP group featuring a significantly different proportion than both A+N- and A+N+ groups (p ≤ 0.005). 2 key findings →
Participants: 201
Evidence: low
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
PLoS genetics
·
2010-09-23
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) have consistently observed strong evidence of association with polymorphisms in APOE. 5 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Evidence: moderate
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Original source
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Genetic studies of Alzheimer disease (AD) have prioritized variants in genes related to the amyloid cascade, lipid metabolism, and neuroimmune modulation. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
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The APOE epsilon4 allele appears to be associated with a higher prevalence of dementia in PD. 1 key finding →
Design: case-control study
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
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Family history of dementia was associated with an increased risk of dementia and AD in this very old population, but only among APOE epsilon4 carriers. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 907
Evidence: moderate
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Individuals with rapid progression were more likely to have at least one APOE ε4 allele (OR: 2.08 [95% CI: 1.16–3.74], p < 0.01), higher Braak stage (2.19 [1.20–3.98], p < 0.01), higher Thal phase (2.45 [1.24–4.83], p < 0.01), more severe white matter rarefaction (1.68 [1.21–2.35], p < 0.01), and in the final 24 months of life, more frequent untreated/undertreated hyperlipidemia (1.74 [1.35–5.56], p < 0.01) and less frequent untreated/undertreated depression (0.40 [0.17–0.91], p < 0.05). 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 75
Evidence: moderate
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
·
JAMA Network Open
·
2025-01-22
Among 4080 participants included in the analysis, the mean (SD) age was 66.5 (8.9) years, and 2241 (54.9%) were female. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 4,080
Evidence: low
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In this analysis, two single nucleotide polymorphisms in a locus on chromosome 9p21.2 were associated with ALS: rs3849942 (p=2·22×10(-6); odds ratio [OR] 1·39, 95% CI 1·21-1·59) and rs2814707 (p=3·32×10(-6); 1·38, 1·20-1·58). 5 key findings →
Participants: 599
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
We identified rs13374761-A in SLAMF1 gene associated with less memory decline (MAF = 0.071, β= 0.0103, p = 4.14×10-8). 5 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
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- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
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- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 28,580 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.