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Research

31,780 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 151–175 of 188 studies in Biomarkers published 2021 (page 7 of 8) · 31,780 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Download bibliography of these 188 studies, in this order: BibTeX (.bib) · RIS (.ris)

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Other subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 17,251 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

What “Biomarkers” covers

Biomarkers — Measurable signals in blood, brain scans or spinal fluid that can indicate Alzheimer's changes.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Sleep Time Estimated by an Actigraphy Watch Correlates With CSF Tau in Cognitively Unimpaired Elders: The Modulatory Role of APOE

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2021-08-02

There is increasing evidence of the relationship between sleep and neurodegeneration, but this knowledge is not incorporated into clinical practice yet. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Abundance of Nef and p-Tau217 in Brains of Individuals Diagnosed with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders Correlate with Disease Severance

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Molecular neurobiology 2021-11-29

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is a term used to describe a variety of neurological impairments observed in HIV-infected individuals. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Serum neurofilament light chain as a surrogate of cognitive decline in sporadic and familial frontotemporal dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. European journal of neurology 2021-09-03

Our findings highlight the potential of serum NfL as a useful surrogate end point of disease severity in upcoming targeted treatments. 3 key findings →

Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Transitioning from cerebrospinal fluid to blood tests to facilitate diagnosis and disease monitoring in Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of internal medicine 2021-06-26

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly prevalent worldwide, and disease-modifying treatments may soon be at hand; hence, now, more than ever, there is a need to develop techniques that allow earlier and more secure diagnosis. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Apolipoprotein E4 Reduction with Antisense Oligonucleotides Decreases Neurodegeneration in a Tauopathy Model

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2021-02-24

We conclude that reducing ApoE4 levels should be explored further as a therapeutic approach for APOE4 carriers with tauopathy including Alzheimer's disease. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Sensitivity-Enhanced Solid-State NMR Detection of Structural Differences and Unique Polymorphs in Pico- to Nanomolar Amounts of Brain-Derived and Synthetic 42-Residue Amyloid-β Fibrils

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021-07-26

Amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrils in neuritic plaques are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Is Korea Prepared for an Alzheimer's Disease-Modifying Therapy? Assessing the Korean Healthcare System Infrastructure and the Effect of Blood-Based Biomarker Tests

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Annals of geriatric medicine and research 2021-02-04

South Korea's healthcare infrastructure requires more preparation for the introduction of a disease-modifying therapy, with the primary capacity limitation being the low number of dementia specialists. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Detection of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Chain as a Marker for Alpha-Synucleinopathies

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2021-09-22

Alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), are a class of neurodegenerative diseases. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Plasma Neurofilament Light and Future Declines in Cognition and Function in Alzheimer's Disease in the FIT-AD Trial

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports 2021-07-21

Higher baseline plasma NfL was associated with greater rate of decline in ADAS-Cog from baseline to 6 months (standardized estimate of 0.00462, p = 0.02853) and in ADL from baseline to 12 months (standardized estimate of -0.00284, p = 0.03338). 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Distributions of Aβ42 and Aβ42/40 in the Cerebrospinal Fluid in View of the Probability Theory

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) 2021-12-16

Amyloid β 42/40 concentration quotient has been empirically shown to improve accuracy of the neurochemical diagnostics of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) compared to the Aβ42 concentration alone, but this improvement in diagnostic performance has not been backed up by a theoretical argumentation so far. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Plasma neurofilament L to amyloid β42 ratio in differentiating Alzheimer's type from non-Alzheimer's dementia: A cross-sectional pilot study from India

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Asian journal of psychiatry 2021-10-29

Based on the reduction of amyloid β plaques, US FDA has recently approved Aducanumab as a disease modifying treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarkers in vascular dementia: From the viewpoint of ischemic stroke

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Neurochemistry international 2021-03-26

Reliable quantitative blood biomarkers are important in vascular dementia (VaD) because early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention are effective in preventing progression of dementia. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The Correlations Between Plasma Fibrinogen With Amyloid-Beta and Tau Levels in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Frontiers in neuroscience 2021-01-21

Recent studies show that fibrinogen plays a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which may be crucial to neurovascular damage and cognitive impairment. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Astrocyte activation imaging with 11C-acetate and amyloid PET in mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer pathology

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Nuclear medicine communications 2021-11-01

MTL 11C-acetate SUVR was significantly elevated in MCI compared to cognitively normal participants (P = 0.03; Cohen d = 1.76). 4 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Luteolin alleviates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mouse model via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent neuroinflammation

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 2021-07-15

Luteolin is a flavonoid in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and herbs, which has shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer neuroprotective activities. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomized / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multicenter collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 31,780 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 31,780 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (66% of the library) and OpenAlex (16%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,045 records (3.3% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 966 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed    Where this research is being discussed: events

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