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The relationship between levels of physical activity, adherence to the MIND diet, and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years or older in Pakistan
Binish Islam, Tianjiao Li, Tasiu Ibrahim Ibrahim, Dan Yang, Hanxiao Lv, Qian Zhang, Mengying Xu, Goudja Gassara et al.. Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports, 2025-01-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Our analysis revealed that 26.40% of the participants had mild cognitive impairment, whereas 48.50% demonstrated low adherence to the MIND diet. The mean QPAR score was 20.51 ± 18.77. A significant association was found between lower physical activity levels and increased cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio 9.94, confidence interval (CI): 6.07-16.27). Additionally, higher adherence to the MIND diet correlated with reduced cognitive impairment (odds ratio 0.29, CI: 0.18-0.46). These findings highlight the critical role of diet and physical activity in cognitive health among the elderly population. The study emphasizes the need for targeted public health interventions and further longitudinal research to explore the long-term effects of these factors on cognitive health.
Key findings
- Our analysis revealed that 26.40% of the participants had mild cognitive impairment, whereas 48.50% demonstrated low adherence to the MIND diet.
- A significant association was found between lower physical activity levels and increased cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio 9.94, confidence interval (CI): 6.07-16.27).
- Additionally, higher adherence to the MIND diet correlated with reduced cognitive impairment (odds ratio 0.29, CI: 0.18-0.46).
- These findings highlight the critical role of diet and physical activity in cognitive health among the elderly population.
- The study emphasizes the need for targeted public health interventions and further longitudinal research to explore the long-term effects of these factors on cognitive health.
Why it matters
In this cross-sectional study of adults aged 65 or older in Pakistan, lower physical activity was linked to more cognitive impairment and higher MIND diet adherence was linked to less cognitive impairment. Because the study is cross-sectional, it cannot show whether diet or activity causes these differences.
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Study details
- Study designcross-sectional
- Participants462
- Effect size26.40%; 48.50%
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 47/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a snapshot of people at one point in time. Scored zero for randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 45 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 47 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports) |
| Journal's citation record | 0 / 4 | Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports: journal h-index 40 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 4 / 12 | A snapshot of people at one point in time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 462 participants |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 1 / 7 | Cited 3 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 1.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 1.9× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 3 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | OpenAlex's profile for last-listed author Jianwu Wang holds only 7 work(s), too few to judge a track record — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Central South University: institution h-index 699 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40034512) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 45 / 96 | Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 45 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 47 out of 100. |
| Total | 47 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1177/25424823241290132
- PubMed: 40034512
- Original source →
- Free full text: Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Islam, B., Li, T., Ibrahim, T. I., Yang, D., Lv, H., Zhang, Q., et al. (2025). The relationship between levels of physical activity, adherence to the MIND diet, and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years or older in Pakistan. Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports. https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823241290132
Vancouver
Islam B, Li T, Ibrahim TI, Yang D, Lv H, Zhang Q, et al. The relationship between levels of physical activity, adherence to the MIND diet, and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years or older in Pakistan. Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports. 2025. doi:10.1177/25424823241290132. PMID: 40034512.
BibTeX
@article{islam2025-40034512,
author = {Islam, Binish and Li, Tianjiao and Ibrahim, Tasiu Ibrahim and Yang, Dan and Lv, Hanxiao and Zhang, Qian and Xu, Mengying and Gassara, Goudja and others},
title = {{The relationship between levels of physical activity, adherence to the MIND diet, and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years or older in Pakistan}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer s Disease Reports},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1177/25424823241290132},
pmid = {40034512},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823241290132}
}
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