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45/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Mild cognitive impairment

Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis

Advances in AD biomarker research have demonstrated changes in amyloid-beta (Aβ), brain metabolism and other pathophysiologies prior to the onset of memory loss, with some markers possibly changing one or two decades earlier. These findings suggest that amyloid-based therapies would optimally be targeted at the earliest clinically detectable stage (such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI)) or before. Postmortem data indicate that tau lesions in the locus coeruleus (LC), the primary source of subcortical norepinephrine (NE), may be the first identifiable pathology of AD, and recent data from basic research in animal models of AD indicate that loss of NE incites a neurotoxic proinflammatory condition, reduces Aβ clearance and negatively impacts cognition - recapitulating key aspects of AD.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Chalermpalanupap, T., Kinkead, B., Hu, W. T., Kummer, M. P., Hammerschmidt, T., Heneka, M. T., et al. (2013). Targeting norepinephrine in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's research & therapy. https://doi.org/10.1186/alzrt175

Vancouver

Chalermpalanupap T, Kinkead B, Hu WT, Kummer MP, Hammerschmidt T, Heneka MT, et al. Targeting norepinephrine in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's research & therapy. 2013. doi:10.1186/alzrt175. PMID: 23634965.

BibTeX

@article{chalermpalanupap2013-23634965,
  author  = {Chalermpalanupap, T. and Kinkead, B. and Hu, W. T. and Kummer, M. P. and Hammerschmidt, T. and Heneka, M. T. and Weinshenker, D. and Levey, A. I.},
  title   = {{Targeting norepinephrine in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1186/alzrt175},
  pmid    = {23634965},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/alzrt175}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

Key findings

Advances in AD biomarker research have demonstrated changes in amyloid-beta (Aβ), brain metabolism and other pathophysiologies prior to the onset of memory loss, with some markers possibly changing one or two decades earlier.
These findings suggest that amyloid-based therapies would optimally be targeted at the earliest clinically detectable stage (such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI)) or before.
Postmortem data indicate that tau lesions in the locus coeruleus (LC), the primary source of subcortical norepinephrine (NE), may be the first identifiable pathology of AD, and recent data from basic research in animal models of AD indicate that loss of NE incites a neurotoxic proinflammatory condition, reduces Aβ clearance and negatively impacts cognition - recapitulating key aspects of AD.

Why it matters

This paper proposes that tau damage in the locus coeruleus, the brain's main source of norepinephrine, may be the earliest sign of Alzheimer's and that losing norepinephrine could drive inflammation and reduce amyloid clearance in animal models. It suggests that treatments aimed at amyloid should be given at the earliest detectable stage, such as mild cognitive impairment, or before, but it reports no treatment tested in people.

Study details

Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 45/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Alzheimer's research & therapy)
Journal's citation record	1 / 4	Alzheimer s Research & Therapy: journal h-index 146 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	1 / 5	2013 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	5 / 7	Cited 145 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	3 / 5	9.7 citations a year over 15 year(s) since 2013
Impact for its field and year	3 / 6	Cited 8.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	2 / 6	Cited by 4 other studies in this library
Still being cited	2 / 4	Cited 22 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	4 / 4	Last-listed author Allan I. Levey: h-index 161 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	1 / 3	Emory University: institution h-index 1,360 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	1 / 3	OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 2 countries
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 23634965)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	45 / 100	—

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