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Subcutaneous administration of liraglutide ameliorates Alzheimer-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in rats with type 2 diabetes
Yang Y, Zhang J, Ma D, Zhang M, Hu S, Shao S, Gong CX.. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2013-01-01
Topic: Gut, metabolism and diet
Background/objective Type 2 diabetes increases the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Brain insulin resistance contributes to the pathogenesis of AD, and abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein is crucial to neurodegeneration. Here we studied whether liraglutide, an agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and a new anti-diabetic drug, can promote brain insulin signaling and inhibit tau hyperphosphorylation in the brains of type 2 diabetic rats. Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were treated with subcutaneous administration of liraglutide (0.2 mg/kg body weight) or, as a control, saline twice a day for up to four weeks. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain tissue (n = 7 each group) were collected for analyses after liraglutide or saline administration for one, two, three, and four weeks. Results We found decreased CSF insulin, hyperphosphorylation of tau at AD-relevant phosphorylation sites, and decreased phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the brain, which indicated decreased insulin signaling leading to overactivation of GSK-3β, a major tau kinase, in type 2 diabetic rats. Liraglutide treatment not only ameliorated hyperglycemia and peripheral insulin resistance, but also reversed these brain abnormalities in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion Our results indicated that subcutaneous administration of liraglutide restores both peripheral and brain insulin sensitivity and ameliorates tau hyperphosphorylation in rats with type 2 diabetes. These findings support the potential use of liraglutide for the prevention and treatment of AD in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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APA 7th
Yang, Y., Zhang, J., Ma, D., Zhang, M., Hu, S., Shao, S., et al. (2013). Subcutaneous administration of liraglutide ameliorates Alzheimer-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in rats with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-130491
Vancouver
Yang Y, Zhang J, Ma D, Zhang M, Hu S, Shao S, et al. Subcutaneous administration of liraglutide ameliorates Alzheimer-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in rats with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2013. doi:10.3233/jad-130491. PMID: 23948890.
BibTeX
@article{yang2013-23948890,
author = {Yang, Y. and Zhang, J. and Ma, D. and Zhang, M. and Hu, S. and Shao, S. and Gong, C. X.},
title = {{Subcutaneous administration of liraglutide ameliorates Alzheimer-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in rats with type 2 diabetes}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.3233/jad-130491},
pmid = {23948890},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-130491}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Results We found decreased CSF insulin, hyperphosphorylation of tau at AD-relevant phosphorylation sites, and decreased phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the brain, which indicated decreased insulin signaling leading to overactivation of GSK-3β, a major tau kinase, in type 2 diabetic rats.
- Conclusion Our results indicated that subcutaneous administration of liraglutide restores both peripheral and brain insulin sensitivity and ameliorates tau hyperphosphorylation in rats with type 2 diabetes.
- These findings support the potential use of liraglutide for the prevention and treatment of AD in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 36/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 21 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 36 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2013 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “rats”) — scores zero |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 23948890) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 21 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 21 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 36 out of 100. |
| Total | 36 / 100 | — |
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