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Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces Alzheimer disease-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes
Xu W, Yang Y, Yuan G, Zhu W, Ma D, Hu S.. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 2015-02-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Background Impaired insulin signaling pathway in the brain in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor agonist are widely used for treatment of T2D. Here we studied whether the effects of exendin-4 (EX-4), a long-lasting GLP-1 receptor agonist, could reduce the risk of AD in T2D.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Xu, W., Yang, Y., Yuan, G., Zhu, W., Ma, D., & Hu, S. (2015). Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces Alzheimer disease-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research. https://doi.org/10.1097/jim.0000000000000129
Vancouver
Xu W, Yang Y, Yuan G, Zhu W, Ma D, Hu S. Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces Alzheimer disease-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research. 2015. doi:10.1097/jim.0000000000000129. PMID: 25479064.
BibTeX
@article{xu2015-25479064,
author = {Xu, W. and Yang, Y. and Yuan, G. and Zhu, W. and Ma, D. and Hu, S.},
title = {{Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduces Alzheimer disease-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes}},
journal = {Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.1097/jim.0000000000000129},
pmid = {25479064},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1097/jim.0000000000000129}
}
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Key findings
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor agonist are widely used for treatment of T2D.
- Here we studied whether the effects of exendin-4 (EX-4), a long-lasting GLP-1 receptor agonist, could reduce the risk of AD in T2D.
- Materials and methods Type 2 diabetes rats were injected with EX-4 for 28 consecutive days.
- Blood glucose and insulin levels, as well as GLP-1 and insulin in cerebrospinal fluid, were determined during the experiment.
Why it matters
In rats with type 2 diabetes, exendin-4 reduced Alzheimer disease-associated tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus. This is animal research only and does not show any treatment, cure or prevention benefit in people.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 39/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research) |
| Journal's citation record | 1 / 4 | Journal of Investigative Medicine: journal h-index 88 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2015 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “rats”) — scores zero |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 4 / 7 | Cited 89 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 6.8 citations a year over 13 year(s) since 2015 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 6.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 3 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 15 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Shuhong Hu: h-index 28 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | Huazhong University of Science and Technology: institution h-index 934 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 25479064) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 39 / 100 | — |
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