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71/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100. Risk factors

Topic: Air pollution and environmental exposures

Plain-language summary

During the follow-up period, we identified a total of 617 incident neurodegenerative diseases, 301 PD and 182 AD. In single-exposure models, PM2.5 was positively associated with all outcomes (e.g. AD hazard ratio (HR): 1.41, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.09-1.84, per interquartile range (IQR) increment), whereas residential greenness showed protective effects (e.g. neurodegenerative disease, HR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.75-0.90, per IQR increment for NDVI in 1000 m buffer). NO2 was positively associated with risk of neurodegenerative disease and PM10 was associated with neurodegenerative disease and AD. In two-exposure models, after adjustment for PM2.5, the association for greenness generally attenuated towards null. Moreover, we identified the significant modification effect of greenness on PM2.5 on additive and multiplicative scales. In this prospective study, we found that exposure to higher residential greenness and lower concentrations of particulate matter were associated with lower risk of neurodegenerative disease, PD and AD. Residential greenness could modify the association of PM2.5 with neurodegenerative disease.

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Zhu, Z., Yang, Z., Yu, L., Xu, L., Wu, Y., Zhang, X., et al. (2023). Residential greenness, air pollution and incident neurodegenerative disease: A cohort study in China. The Science of the total environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163173

Vancouver

Zhu Z, Yang Z, Yu L, Xu L, Wu Y, Zhang X, et al. Residential greenness, air pollution and incident neurodegenerative disease: A cohort study in China. The Science of the total environment. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163173. PMID: 37003317.

BibTeX

@article{zhu2023-37003317,
  author  = {Zhu, Zhanghang and Yang, Zongming and Yu, Luhua and Xu, Lisha and Wu, Yonghao and Zhang, Xinhan and Shen, Peng and Lin, Hongbo and others},
  title   = {{Residential greenness, air pollution and incident neurodegenerative disease: A cohort study in China}},
  journal = {The Science of the total environment},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163173},
  pmid    = {37003317},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163173}
}

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How to read this study

Design: this is a follow-up (cohort) study. People are observed over time and not assigned to anything, so an association can reflect other differences between groups. Look at how long follow-up lasted, how many dropped out, and whether the authors adjusted for age, education and other health conditions.
Size: the record lists 617 participants. Ask whether that is enough for the question, and who they were.
Effect: the record reports “HR: 0.82”. A statistically significant result can still be small in daily life.

What the evidence grade means here

This page is graded moderate. alzhub.org assigns the grade automatically from keywords in the abstract, not from reading the paper. Moderate means the abstract mentions a cohort, case-control or longitudinal design. It can add at most 5 of the 100 points in the study score, and it is a label about design, not a verdict on whether the findings are true.

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Key findings

During the follow-up period, we identified a total of 617 incident neurodegenerative diseases, 301 PD and 182 AD.
In single-exposure models, PM2.5 was positively associated with all outcomes (e.g.
AD hazard ratio (HR): 1.41, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.09-1.84, per interquartile range (IQR) increment), whereas residential greenness showed protective effects (e.g. neurodegenerative disease, HR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.75-0.90, per IQR increment for NDVI in 1000 m buffer).
NO2 was positively associated with risk of neurodegenerative disease and PM10 was associated with neurodegenerative disease and AD.
In two-exposure models, after adjustment for PM2.5, the association for greenness generally attenuated towards null.

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Study details

Study designprospective cohort
Participants617
Effect sizeHR: 0.82
Evidence strengthModerate

How this study scored 71/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a prospective cohort study, followed forward from enrollment. Scored zero for randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multicenter collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 40 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 71 out of 100.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (The Science of the total environment)
Journal's citation record	— / 4	No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score
Study design	7 / 12	A prospective cohort study, followed forward from enrollment
Strength of evidence	3 / 5	Rated “moderate” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	3 / 5	2023 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	2 / 4	617 participants
Effect reported	3 / 3	Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomized / blinded	0 / 2	No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	— / 7	No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score
Citations per year	— / 5	No citation count or no year — left out of this score
Impact for its field and year	— / 6	No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score
Cited by studies here	— / 6	Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score
Still being cited	— / 4	No yearly citation counts — left out of this score
Senior author's track record	— / 4	Senior author's record not available — left out of this score
Institution's track record	— / 3	No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score
Multicenter collaboration	— / 3	Institutions not listed — left out of this score
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 37003317)
Free to read	— / 2	Access not recorded — left out of this score
Points	40 / 56	Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 40 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 71 out of 100.
Total	71 / 100	—

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