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New developments of clinical trial in immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease
Yang C, Xiao S.. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology, 2015-01-01
Topic: Drug trials: efficacy and safety
Active or passive immunotherapy is expected to slow or stop the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Immunotherapy for AD has demonstrated that targeting beta-amyloid (Aβ) or tau protein with vaccines or antibodies can reduce AD pathologies. Active anti-Aβ immunization for AD includes using AN1792 and second generation vaccines such as ACC-001, CAD106 and AFFITOPE vaccines, while antibodies for passive immunization include monoclonal antibodies and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Preclinical trials have shown powerful evidence of significant advances for more than a decade; however, there are still issues that need to be addressed in clinical trials. In the phase IIa AN1792 trial, 6% of patients who received the vaccination were diagnosed with meningoencephalitis as an adverse effect. There was a high incidence of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) in patients treated with some monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, several phase 3 clinical trial findings of immunization targeting Aβ were negative. These issues require attention in order to improve the safety and efficacy of immunization strategies in AD. Prevention studies and other novel immunization strategies have the potential to dramatically impact AD care. Herein we review the recent advances in clinical trials involving immunotherapy for AD.
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APA 7th
Yang, C., & Xiao, S. (2015). New developments of clinical trial in immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.2174/138920101606150407112319
Vancouver
Yang C, Xiao S. New developments of clinical trial in immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology. 2015. doi:10.2174/138920101606150407112319. PMID: 25860060.
BibTeX
@article{yang2015-25860060,
author = {Yang, C. and Xiao, S.},
title = {{New developments of clinical trial in immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease}},
journal = {Current pharmaceutical biotechnology},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.2174/138920101606150407112319},
pmid = {25860060},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2174/138920101606150407112319}
}
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Key findings
- Immunotherapy for AD has demonstrated that targeting beta-amyloid (Aβ) or tau protein with vaccines or antibodies can reduce AD pathologies.
- Preclinical trials have shown powerful evidence of significant advances for more than a decade; however, there are still issues that need to be addressed in clinical trials.
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Study details
- Study designclinical trial
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 36/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multicenter collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 21 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 36 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Current pharmaceutical biotechnology) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | Design recorded as “clinical trial”, which our rubric does not rank (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2015 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 25860060) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 21 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 21 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 36 out of 100. |
| Total | 36 / 100 | — |
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