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Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications
Roveta F, Bonino L, Piella EM, Rainero I, Rubino E.. International journal of molecular sciences, 2024-11-06
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
The identification of neuroinflammation as a critical factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has expanded the focus of research beyond amyloid-β and tau pathology. The neuroinflammatory fluid biomarkers GFAP, sTREM2, and YKL-40 have gained attention for their potential in early detection and monitoring of disease progression. Plasma GFAP has demonstrated promise in predicting the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to AD dementia, while sTREM2 highlights microglial activation, although there are conflicting results regarding its dynamics in AD pathogenesis.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Roveta, F., Bonino, L., Piella, E. M., Rainero, I., & Rubino, E. (2024). Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications. International journal of molecular sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252211941
Vancouver
Roveta F, Bonino L, Piella EM, Rainero I, Rubino E. Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications. International journal of molecular sciences. 2024. doi:10.3390/ijms252211941. PMID: 39596011.
BibTeX
@article{roveta2024-39596011,
author = {Roveta, F. and Bonino, L. and Piella, E. M. and Rainero, I. and Rubino, E.},
title = {{Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications}},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.3390/ijms252211941},
pmid = {39596011},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252211941}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- The neuroinflammatory fluid biomarkers GFAP, sTREM2, and YKL-40 have gained attention for their potential in early detection and monitoring of disease progression.
- Plasma GFAP has demonstrated promise in predicting the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to AD dementia, while sTREM2 highlights microglial activation, although there are conflicting results regarding its dynamics in AD pathogenesis.
- Advanced imaging techniques, such as PET tracers targeting TSPO and MAO-B, have also been developed to visualize glial activation in vivo, offering spatial and temporal insights into neuroinflammatory processes.
- However, the clinical implementation of these biomarkers faces challenges due to their lack of specificity, as many of them can be elevated in other conditions.
Why it matters
This review discusses neuroinflammatory fluid biomarkers GFAP, sTREM2 and YKL-40 for early detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease progression. It notes conflicting results for sTREM2 and does not report a treatment or cure.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 47/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomized / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (International journal of molecular sciences) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | International Journal of Molecular Sciences: journal h-index 426 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomized / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomization or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 4 / 7 | Cited 65 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 16.2 citations a year over 4 year(s) since 2024 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 8.9× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 1 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 3 / 4 | Cited 65 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Elisa Rubino: h-index 38 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | University of Turin: institution h-index 903 (OpenAlex) |
| Multicenter collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 39596011) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 47 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.3390/ijms252211941
- PubMed: 39596011
- Original source →
- Free full text: International Journal of Molecular Sciences →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
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