Home › Research › Inflammation and the immune system
Microglia in human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurodegeneration
Garden GA.. Glia, 2002-11-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a syndrome of cognitive and motor abnormalities that may develop in the absence of opportunistic infections. Neurons are not productively infected by HIV. Thus, one hypothesis to explain the pathophysiology of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) suggests that signals released from other infected cell types in the CNS secondarily lead to neuronal injury.
Key findings
- Neurons are not productively infected by HIV.
- Thus, one hypothesis to explain the pathophysiology of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) suggests that signals released from other infected cell types in the CNS secondarily lead to neuronal injury.
- Microglia are the predominant resident CNS cell type productively infected by HIV-1.
- Neurologic dysfunction in HAD appears to be a consequence of microglial infection and activation.
Why it matters
This review states that neurons are not productively infected by HIV and that microglia are the predominant resident CNS cell type productively infected by HIV-1, with neurologic dysfunction in HIV-associated dementia appearing to be a consequence of microglial infection and activation. It concerns HIV-associated dementia, not Alzheimer's disease, and does not report a treatment or cure.
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 41/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Glia) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Glia: journal h-index 233 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2002 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 208 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 8.0 citations a year over 26 year(s) since 2002 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 9.1× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 6 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Gwenn A. Garden: h-index 44 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 3 / 3 | University of Washington: institution h-index 3,540 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 12379911) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 41 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
May need a subscription OpenAlex found no free copy of the full text (checked 6 Feb 1020), so the publisher may charge for it. The PubMed abstract is free.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Garden, G. A. (2002). Microglia in human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurodegeneration. Glia. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.10155
Vancouver
Garden GA. Microglia in human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurodegeneration. Glia. 2002. doi:10.1002/glia.10155. PMID: 12379911.
BibTeX
@article{garden2002-12379911,
author = {Garden, G. A.},
title = {{Microglia in human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurodegeneration}},
journal = {Glia},
year = {2002},
doi = {10.1002/glia.10155},
pmid = {12379911},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.10155}
}
Studies this one cites
Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.
Related studies in Inflammation and the immune system
Also tagged “cerebral”
900 studies in the library carry the topic tag “cerebral”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 900 tagged studies.