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Endogenous estrogen levels and Alzheimer's disease among postmenopausal women
Manly JJ, Merchant CA, Jacobs DM, Small SA, Bell K, Ferin M, Mayeux R.. Neurology, 2000-02-01
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Background Although several studies have suggested that hormone replacement therapy lowers the risk of AD among postmenopausal women, few studies have evaluated the relationship of endogenous estrogen levels and AD. The current study investigated whether serum estrone and estradiol levels were related to the presence of AD among postmenopausal women not currently taking hormone replacement therapy. Methods Using a case-control design, we examined an ethnically diverse sample of postmenopausal women who met National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for AD (n = 50) and nondemented controls (n = 93). All women were participants in a study of aging and dementia and were seen consecutively between August 1997 and October 1998. Results Patients with AD had lower estradiol (F[1,141] = 8.3, p = 0.005) levels than did normal controls. Patients also had lower estrone levels; however, this comparison did not quite meet significance criteria (F[1,141] = 3.6, p = 0.06). Compared to estradiol levels >20 pg/mL, women with AD were four to six times more likely to have levels <20 pg/mL after adjusting for age, years of education, presence of an APOE-epsilon4 allele, ethnicity, and body mass index. There were no significant differences in frequency of AD among women within different quartiles of estrone after adjusting for potential confounds. Conclusions The results of this preliminary case-control study suggest that estradiol levels may decline significantly in women in whom AD develops.
Key findings
- Background Although several studies have suggested that hormone replacement therapy lowers the risk of AD among postmenopausal women, few studies have evaluated the relationship of endogenous estrogen levels and AD.
- Results Patients with AD had lower estradiol (F[1,141] = 8.3, p = 0.005) levels than did normal controls.
- Compared to estradiol levels >20 pg/mL, women with AD were four to six times more likely to have levels <20 pg/mL after adjusting for age, years of education, presence of an APOE-epsilon4 allele, ethnicity, and body mass index.
- There were no significant differences in frequency of AD among women within different quartiles of estrone after adjusting for potential confounds.
- Conclusions The results of this preliminary case-control study suggest that estradiol levels may decline significantly in women in whom AD develops.
Study details
- Study designcase-control study
- Participants50
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 60/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a case-control study. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 35 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 60 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 6 / 12 | A case-control study |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2000 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 50 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 10690972) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 35 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 35 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 60 out of 100. |
| Total | 60 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Manly, J. J., Merchant, C. A., Jacobs, D. M., Small, S. A., Bell, K., Ferin, M., et al. (2000). Endogenous estrogen levels and Alzheimer's disease among postmenopausal women. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.54.4.833
Vancouver
Manly JJ, Merchant CA, Jacobs DM, Small SA, Bell K, Ferin M, et al. Endogenous estrogen levels and Alzheimer's disease among postmenopausal women. Neurology. 2000. doi:10.1212/wnl.54.4.833. PMID: 10690972.
BibTeX
@article{manly2000-10690972,
author = {Manly, J. J. and Merchant, C. A. and Jacobs, D. M. and Small, S. A. and Bell, K. and Ferin, M. and Mayeux, R.},
title = {{Endogenous estrogen levels and Alzheimer's disease among postmenopausal women}},
journal = {Neurology},
year = {2000},
doi = {10.1212/wnl.54.4.833},
pmid = {10690972},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.54.4.833}
}
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