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Emerging cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease
Schindler SE, Li Y, Todd KW, Herries EM, Henson RL, Gray JD, Wang G, Graham DL et al.. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2019-03-04
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Introduction Four less well-studied but promising "emerging" cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are elevated in late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD): neurogranin, synaptosomal-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25), visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1), and chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40). Methods CSF neurogranin, SNAP-25, VILIP-1, and YKL-40 were measured in families carrying autosomal-dominant AD mutations. Results The four emerging CSF biomarkers were significantly elevated in the mutation carriers (n = 235) versus noncarriers (n = 145).
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APA 7th
Schindler, S. E., Li, Y., Todd, K. W., Herries, E. M., Henson, R. L., Gray, J. D., et al. (2019). Emerging cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.019
Vancouver
Schindler SE, Li Y, Todd KW, Herries EM, Henson RL, Gray JD, et al. Emerging cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.019. PMID: 30846386.
BibTeX
@article{schindler2019-30846386,
author = {Schindler, S. E. and Li, Y. and Todd, K. W. and Herries, E. M. and Henson, R. L. and Gray, J. D. and Wang, G. and Graham, D. L. and others},
title = {{Emerging cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease}},
journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.019},
pmid = {30846386},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.019}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Methods CSF neurogranin, SNAP-25, VILIP-1, and YKL-40 were measured in families carrying autosomal-dominant AD mutations.
- Results The four emerging CSF biomarkers were significantly elevated in the mutation carriers (n = 235) versus noncarriers (n = 145).
- CSF SNAP-25, VILIP-1, and YKL-40 were altered very early in the AD time course, approximately 15-19 years before estimated symptom onset.
- All CSF biomarkers predicted important AD-related outcomes including performance on a cognitive composite, brain amyloid burden as measured by amyloid positron emission tomography, and the estimated years from symptom onset.
Why it matters
This study measured four emerging cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in families carrying autosomal-dominant Alzheimer disease mutations and found them elevated in mutation carriers, with some altered very early in the disease time course. It is a biomarker study and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Study details
- Participants235
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 56/100
Published in a leading specialty journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on senior author's track record, so that was left out: it earned 54 of the 96 points we could judge it on, which is 56 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Alzheimer s & Dementia: journal h-index 228 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 235 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 5 / 7 | Cited 100 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 11.1 citations a year over 9 year(s) since 2019 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 9.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 3 / 6 | Cited by 14 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 27 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | 3 / 3 | Harvard University: institution h-index 3,235 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 3 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 16 institution(s) in 2 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 30846386) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 54 / 96 | Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 54 of the 96 points we could judge it on is 56 out of 100. |
| Total | 56 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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