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Association Between Dietary Biotin Intake and Dementia Risk, Including Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Study of 122 959 UK Biobank Participants
Yan Kong, Jiping Zhong, Tong Yue Wang, Dongfeng Zhang. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2025-09-07
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
The relationship between dietary biotin intake and cognitive function remains unclear. This study explores the association between biotin and dementia, and the mediating role of inflammation indicators. Dietary biotin intake was assessed via the 24-h recall questionnaire. Dementia outcomes were identified through "algorithmically defined outcomes," identified through an algorithm integrating self-reports, hospital admissions, and death certificate records. Participants aged 40-69 with complete biotin and baseline data were included. During a 11.25-year median follow-up, 1256 incident dementia cases occurred among 122 959 participants. Cox proportional hazards models showed that compared to the lowest biotin intake (Q1), biotin reduced the risk of all-cause dementia (HR: 0.75[0.64,0.88] p < 0.001 for Q2; HR: 0.68[0.58,0.81] p < 0.001 for Q3; HR: 0.67[0.56,0.81] p < 0.001 for Q4) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (HR: 0.74[0.58,0.96] p = 0.026 for Q2; HR: 0.65[0.49,0.85] p = 0.002 for Q3). Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) revealed an "L-shaped" nonlinear relationship between biotin and all-cause dementia (p nonlinear < 0.001) and Alzheimer's dementia (p nonlinear = 0.004) and exhibited the saturation effect. Multicategorical mediation analysis suggested that systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a composite inflammatory marker calculated from platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, mediated the association partially. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed stable results. Higher dietary biotin intake may reduce the risk of dementia.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Kong, Y., Zhong, J., Wang, T. Y., & Zhang, D. (2025). Association Between Dietary Biotin Intake and Dementia Risk, Including Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Study of 122 959 UK Biobank Participants. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70252
Vancouver
Kong Y, Zhong J, Wang TY, Zhang D. Association Between Dietary Biotin Intake and Dementia Risk, Including Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Study of 122 959 UK Biobank Participants. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 2025. doi:10.1002/mnfr.70252. PMID: 40914826.
BibTeX
@article{kong2025-40914826,
author = {Kong, Yan and Zhong, Jiping and Wang, Tong Yue and Zhang, Dongfeng},
title = {{Association Between Dietary Biotin Intake and Dementia Risk, Including Alzheimer's Disease: A Prospective Study of 122 959 UK Biobank Participants}},
journal = {Molecular Nutrition \& Food Research},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1002/mnfr.70252},
pmid = {40914826},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70252}
}
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Key findings
- Cox proportional hazards models showed that compared to the lowest biotin intake (Q1), biotin reduced the risk of all-cause dementia (HR: 0.75[0.64,0.88] p < 0.001 for Q2; HR: 0.68[0.58,0.81] p < 0.001 for Q3; HR: 0.67[0.56,0.81] p < 0.001 for Q4) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (HR: 0.74[0.58,0.96] p = 0.026 for Q2; HR: 0.65[0.49,0.85] p = 0.002 for Q3).
- Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) revealed an "L-shaped" nonlinear relationship between biotin and all-cause dementia (p nonlinear < 0.001) and Alzheimer's dementia (p nonlinear = 0.004) and exhibited the saturation effect.
- Multicategorical mediation analysis suggested that systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a composite inflammatory marker calculated from platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, mediated the association partially.
- Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed stable results.
Why it matters
This study found that higher dietary biotin intake was associated with reduced risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease, with systemic inflammation possibly mediating the association. It suggests that biotin intake may be linked to dementia risk, but it does not show that taking biotin prevents dementia.
Study details
- Participants959
- Effect sizeHR: 0.75; HR: 0.68; HR: 0.67
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 40/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Molecular Nutrition & Food Research) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Molecular Nutrition & Food Research: journal h-index 190 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 959 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 1 / 7 | Cited 2 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.7 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 1.3× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 2 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 3 / 4 | Last-listed author Dongfeng Zhang: h-index 62 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 0 / 3 | Qingdao University: institution h-index 430 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 0 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete) |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40914826) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 40 / 100 | — |
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Also tagged “biobank”
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