APOE genotype and sex drive microbiome divergence after microbiome standardization in APOE-humanized mice
Michelle Aries Marchington, Hope Gasvoda, Makayla Michelotti, Fernando Rodriguez-Caro, Ashley Gooman, Anna Perez, Tiffany Hensley-McBain. mSphere, 2025-10-20
Topic: Genetics and APOE
Previous studies in humans and humanized APOE mice have demonstrated APOE-genotype-specific differences in the GMB. In homozygous mice, the GMB demonstrated significant divergence at 6 months of age based on sex and APOE genotype. In comparison to their APOE3 and APOE4 counterparts, APOE2 females and males demonstrated an increased quantity of bacteria associated with anti-inflammatory profiles, including in the Lachnospiraceae family (Lachnospiraceae bacterium UBA3401) and decreased quantities in the Turicibacteraceae family (higher levels are associated with LOAD).IMPORTANCEThe APOE4 allele is implicated as a significant risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular disease (responsible for more deaths than any other disease) and sporadic or late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (accounts for an estimated 60%-80% of all dementia cases).
Key findings
- Previous studies in humans and humanized APOE mice have demonstrated APOE-genotype-specific differences in the GMB.
- In homozygous mice, the GMB demonstrated significant divergence at 6 months of age based on sex and APOE genotype.
- In comparison to their APOE3 and APOE4 counterparts, APOE2 females and males demonstrated an increased quantity of bacteria associated with anti-inflammatory profiles, including in the Lachnospiraceae family (Lachnospiraceae bacterium UBA3401) and decreased quantities in the Turicibacteraceae family (higher levels are associated with LOAD).IMPORTANCEThe APOE4 allele is implicated as a significant risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular disease (responsible for more deaths than any other disease) and sporadic or late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (accounts for an estimated 60%-80% of all dementia cases).
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 43/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 24 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 43 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (mSphere) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “mice”) — scores zero |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41114585) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 24 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 24 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 43 out of 100. |
| Total | 43 / 100 | — |
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Read the original
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Marchington, M. A., Gasvoda, H., Michelotti, M., Rodriguez-Caro, F., Gooman, A., Perez, A., et al. (2025). APOE genotype and sex drive microbiome divergence after microbiome standardization in APOE-humanized mice. mSphere. https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00429-25
Vancouver
Marchington MA, Gasvoda H, Michelotti M, Rodriguez-Caro F, Gooman A, Perez A, et al. APOE genotype and sex drive microbiome divergence after microbiome standardization in APOE-humanized mice. mSphere. 2025. doi:10.1128/msphere.00429-25. PMID: 41114585.
BibTeX
@article{marchington2025-41114585,
author = {Marchington, Michelle Aries and Gasvoda, Hope and Michelotti, Makayla and Rodriguez-Caro, Fernando and Gooman, Ashley and Perez, Anna and Hensley-McBain, Tiffany},
title = {{APOE genotype and sex drive microbiome divergence after microbiome standardization in APOE-humanized mice}},
journal = {mSphere},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1128/msphere.00429-25},
pmid = {41114585},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00429-25}
}
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