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Alzheimer's blood-based biomarkers, incident dementia, and interactions with age, APOE status, and hormone therapy
Michelle M Mielke, Sarah A Gaussoin, Ramon Casanova, Lauren A Latham, JoAnn E Manson, Charles P Mouton, Ted K S Ng, Stephen R Rapp et al.. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026-07
Topic: Plasma and spinal-fluid biomarkers
Lower baseline amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio and higher phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were associated with an increased risk of MCI and dementia; GFAP was most strongly associated. The p-tau181 and NfL associations were stronger among APOE ε4 carriers; BBMs varied non-linearly by age. The associations of BBMs with the cognitive outcomes also varied inconsistently between HT groups. BBMs for AD and related dementias (ADRD) are associated with incident MCI/dementia in older women. Interactions between the BBMs and HT were inconsistent and require further investigation.
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APA 7th
Mielke, M. M., Gaussoin, S. A., Casanova, R., Latham, L. A., Manson, J. E., Mouton, C. P., et al. (2026). Alzheimer's blood-based biomarkers, incident dementia, and interactions with age, APOE status, and hormone therapy. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71704
Vancouver
Mielke MM, Gaussoin SA, Casanova R, Latham LA, Manson JE, Mouton CP, et al. Alzheimer's blood-based biomarkers, incident dementia, and interactions with age, APOE status, and hormone therapy. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. 2026. doi:10.1002/alz.71704. PMID: 42509652.
BibTeX
@article{mielke2026-42509652,
author = {Mielke, Michelle M and Gaussoin, Sarah A and Casanova, Ramon and Latham, Lauren A and Manson, JoAnn E and Mouton, Charles P and Ng, Ted K S and Rapp, Stephen R and others},
title = {{Alzheimer's blood-based biomarkers, incident dementia, and interactions with age, APOE status, and hormone therapy}},
journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1002/alz.71704},
pmid = {42509652},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71704}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Lower baseline amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio and higher phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were associated with an increased risk of MCI and dementia; GFAP was most strongly associated.
- The p-tau181 and NfL associations were stronger among APOE ε4 carriers; BBMs varied non-linearly by age.
- The associations of BBMs with the cognitive outcomes also varied inconsistently between HT groups.
- BBMs for AD and related dementias (ADRD) are associated with incident MCI/dementia in older women.
- Interactions between the BBMs and HT were inconsistent and require further investigation.
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Study details
- Participants2,467
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 88/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a randomized controlled trial. Scored zero for effect reported because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multicenter collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 49 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 88 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 11 / 12 | A randomized controlled trial (from PubMed type “Randomized Controlled Trial”) |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 5 / 5 | 2026 — within 1 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 3 / 4 | 2,467 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomized / blinded | 1 / 2 | Randomized (as stated in the record) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multicenter collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 42509652) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 49 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 49 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 88 out of 100. |
| Total | 88 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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