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A candidate plasma protein classifier to identify Alzheimer's disease
Zhao X, Lejnine S, Spond J, Zhang C, Ramaraj TC, Holder DJ, Dai H, Weiner R et al.. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2015-01-01
Topic: Amyloid, tau and blood-test diagnosis
Biomarkers currently used in the aid for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein markers and brain neuroimaging markers. These biomarkers, however, either involve semi-invasive procedures or are costly to measure. Thus, AD biomarkers from more easily accessible body fluids, such as plasma, are very enticing. Using an aptamer-based proteomic technology, we profiled 1,129 plasma proteins of AD patients and non-demented control individuals. A 5-protein classifier for AD identification was constructed in the discovery study with excellent 10-fold cross-validation performance (90.1% sensitivity, 84.2% specificity, 87.9% accuracy, and AUC as 0.94). In an independent validation study, the classifier was applied and correctly predicted AD with 100.0% sensitivity, 80.0% specificity, and 90.0% accuracy, matching or outperforming the CSF Aβ42 and tau biomarkers whose performance were assessed in individual-matched CSF samples obtained at the same visit as plasma sample collection. Moreover, the classifier also correctly predicted mild cognitive impairment, an early pre-dementia state of the disease, with 96.7% sensitivity, 80.0% specificity, and 92.5% accuracy. These studies demonstrate that plasma proteins could be used effectively and accurately to contribute to the clinical diagnosis of AD. Although additional and more diverse cohorts are needed for further validation of the robustness, including the support of postmortem diagnosis, the 5-protein classifier appears to be a promising blood test to contribute diagnosis of AD.
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APA 7th
Zhao, X., Lejnine, S., Spond, J., Zhang, C., Ramaraj, T. C., Holder, D. J., et al. (2015). A candidate plasma protein classifier to identify Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-141149
Vancouver
Zhao X, Lejnine S, Spond J, Zhang C, Ramaraj TC, Holder DJ, et al. A candidate plasma protein classifier to identify Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 2015. doi:10.3233/jad-141149. PMID: 25114072.
BibTeX
@article{zhao2015-25114072,
author = {Zhao, X. and Lejnine, S. and Spond, J. and Zhang, C. and Ramaraj, T. C. and Holder, D. J. and Dai, H. and Weiner, R. and others},
title = {{A candidate plasma protein classifier to identify Alzheimer's disease}},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2015},
doi = {10.3233/jad-141149},
pmid = {25114072},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-141149}
}
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Key findings
- A 5-protein classifier for AD identification was constructed in the discovery study with excellent 10-fold cross-validation performance (90.1% sensitivity, 84.2% specificity, 87.9% accuracy, and AUC as 0.94).
- In an independent validation study, the classifier was applied and correctly predicted AD with 100.0% sensitivity, 80.0% specificity, and 90.0% accuracy, matching or outperforming the CSF Aβ42 and tau biomarkers whose performance were assessed in individual-matched CSF samples obtained at the same visit as plasma sample collection.
- Moreover, the classifier also correctly predicted mild cognitive impairment, an early pre-dementia state of the disease, with 96.7% sensitivity, 80.0% specificity, and 92.5% accuracy.
- These studies demonstrate that plasma proteins could be used effectively and accurately to contribute to the clinical diagnosis of AD.
- Although additional and more diverse cohorts are needed for further validation of the robustness, including the support of postmortem diagnosis, the 5-protein classifier appears to be a promising blood test to contribute diagnosis of AD.
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Study details
- Effect size90.1%; 84.2%; 87.9%
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 40/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 23 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 40 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2015 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 25114072) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 23 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 23 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 40 out of 100. |
| Total | 40 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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