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Research

27,780 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 526–550 of 833 studies in Disparities (page 22 of 34) · 27,780 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Download bibliography of the first 500 of these studies, in this order: BibTeX (.bib) · RIS (.ris)

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Other subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 13,259 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

What “Disparities” covers

Disparities — Differences in dementia risk, diagnosis and care across race, ethnicity, income, geography and sex.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Prevalence of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus in the elderly population of a Japanese rural community

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Neurologia medico-chirurgica 2008-05-01

The prevalence of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) in a community was investigated by retrospective analysis of data from a previous community-based study of 170 randomly selected elderly residents aged 65 years or older. 1 key finding →

Participants: 170 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Remote Neuropsychological Assessment in Rural American Indians with and without Cognitive Impairment

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists 2016-05-30

The sample consisted of 84 participants from the Choctaw Nation in Oklahoma, including 53 females and 31 males [M age = 64.89 (SD = 9.73), M education = 12.58 (SD = 2.35)]. 2 key findings →

Participants: 84 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Health effects of particulate matter air pollution in underground railway systems - a critical review of the evidence

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Particle and fibre toxicology 2019-03-06

There is little direct evidence that underground railway particulate matter exposure is more harmful than ambient particulate matter exposure. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Telemedicine and the evaluation of cognitive impairment: the additive value of neuropsychological assessment

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 2014-06-07

Teleneuropsychology is proving to be an excellent resource for clarifying cognitive and psychiatric diagnoses, and integrating individual strengths, weaknesses, and preferences into treatment and care plans used by other health care providers, patients, and caregivers. 5 key findings →

Participants: 31 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Correlates of Mini-Mental Status Examination scores among elderly demented patients: the influence of race-ethnicity

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Journal of clinical epidemiology 1994-12-01

Data on 1888 patients seen at Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centers in California were used to examine possible differences in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) results for different racial-ethnic groups. 2 key findings →

Participants: 1,888 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Video-telemedicine in a memory disorders clinic: evaluation and management of rural elders with cognitive impairment

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association 2011-10-24

VTM is emerging as an effective way to provide consultation and care to rural residents who may not have access to specialty services and can be integrated into current clinical settings. 3 key findings →

Participants: 12 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Multicentre population-based dementia prevalence survey in Japan: a preliminary report

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society 2012-06-01

Community-based surveys were performed in seven rural areas in Japan to investigate the prevalence of dementia and illnesses causing dementia. 5 key findings →

Participants: 3,394 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies in a Japanese population

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences 2001-02-01

We studied the prevalence of dementing disorders in a rural town of Japan (Amino-cho), using a door-to-door two-phase design. 2 key findings →

Participants: 170 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Caregiving Burden Among Caregivers of People With Dementia Through the Lens of Intersectionality

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. The Gerontologist 2022-05-01

Surprisingly, compared to White female caregivers, all the other groups were 37% (95% CI 0.41-0.95) to 71% (95% CI 0.15-0.56) less likely to have emotional burden. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Age of dementia diagnosis in community dwelling bilingual and monolingual Hispanic Americans

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior 2014-12-19

Bilingualism has been reported to delay the age of retrospective report of first symptom in dementia. 4 key findings →

Participants: 1,789 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Associations between Ultrafine Particles and Incident Dementia in Older Adults

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Environmental Science & Technology 2025-03-13

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is linked to dementia risk, but ultrafine particles (UFPs, <100 nm) may be even more toxic due to their distinct physicochemical properties. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Neuroimaging markers of dementia across race/ethnicity and sex/gender using an intersectional approach within the HABS‐HD cohort

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Alzheimer s & Dementia 2025-09-01

We analyzed data from 3433 dementia-free participants with either magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography (PET) data at baseline (mean [standard deviation] age: 65 [9] years, 36% non-Hispanic White [NHW], 27% Black, 37% Hispanic, and 63% women). 5 key findings →

Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Enhancing participation of historically minoritized groups in Alzheimer disease and related dementias research: National Conference Report

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Alzheimer s & Dementia 2025-05-01

This paper reports on a Conference organized by the Washington University School of Medicine's (WUSM) Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), entitled "Enhancing Participation by Minoritized Groups in Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) Research." 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Polarization of the effects of autoimmune and neurodegenerative risk alleles in leukocytes

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Science (New York, N.Y.) 2014-05-01

To extend our understanding of the genetic basis of human immune function and dysfunction, we performed an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) study of purified CD4(+) T cells and monocytes, representing adaptive and innate immunity, in a multi-ethnic cohort of 461 healthy individuals. 4 key findings →

Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Recruitment and retention of underrepresented populations in Alzheimer's disease research: A systematic review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) 2019-11-19

Overall, the quantity and quality of available evidence to inform best practices in recruitment, retention, and inclusion of underrepresented populations in ADRD research are low. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Childhood socioeconomic position and cognitive function in adulthood

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. International journal of epidemiology 2001-04-01

Higher SEP during childhood and greater educational attainment are both associated with cognitive function in adulthood, with mothers and fathers each contributing to their offspring's formative cognitive development and later life cognitive ability (albeit in different ways). 4 key findings →

Participants: 496 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Racial/ethnic disparities in dementia incidence, outcomes, and health-care utilization

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2022-12-05

Disparities in incidence of NDD between Black and White beneficiaries narrowed by 0.37 per 100 person-years from 2014 to 2017. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Dual-Function Life Expectancy

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2023-07-08

At ages 50-54, between 79.0% (95% CI: 73.5, 84.5) and 87.6% (95% CI: 84.0, 91.2) of (non-Hispanic) Black, foreign-born Hispanic, and U.S.-born Hispanic women and men remain dual functional as compared with 90.4% (95% CI: 89.3, 91.4) and 91.4% (95% CI: 90.2, 92.5) of (non-Hispanic) White women and men, respectively. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,780 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,780 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.1% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.3%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed