Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
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In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Find studies

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

We tested whether dysregulation of cholesterol catabolism, through its conversion to primary bile acids (BAs), was associated with dementia pathogenesis. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 141 Evidence: moderate

Association of Echocardiographic Measures of Left Atrial Function and Size With Incident Dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. JAMA 2022-03-01

In this exploratory analysis of a US community-based cohort, several echocardiographic measures of lower LA function were significantly associated with an increased risk of subsequent dementia. 5 key findings →

Design: prospective cohort Participants: 4,096 Evidence: moderate

Head injury and 25-year risk of dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021-03-09

Head injury was associated with risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-1.57), with evidence of dose-response (1 head injury: HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.13-1.39, 2+ head injuries: HR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.86-2.46). 3 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 14,376 Evidence: moderate

Plasma Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42) and the risk of dementia: a prospective case-cohort study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. The Lancet. Neurology 2006-08-01

High concentrations of Abeta(1-40) but not Abeta(1-42) at baseline were associated with an increased risk of dementia. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 6,713 Evidence: moderate

During mean follow-up of 2.1 (range 1.5-3.4) years, 146 incident cases of dementia were detected, of which 105 were Alzheimer's disease. 3 key findings →

Design: case-control study Participants: 6,870 Evidence: moderate

Blood pressure from mid- to late life and risk of incident dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Neurology 2017-11-08

Elevated blood pressure during midlife, persistence of elevated blood pressure into late life, and, among nonhypertensives, a steep decline in blood pressure during mid- to late life were associated with an increased dementia risk in a community-based cohort. 5 key findings →

Participants: 1,440 Evidence: moderate

Cerebral Perfusion and the Risk of Dementia: A Population-Based Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Circulation 2017-06-06

Cerebral hypoperfusion has previously been associated with mild cognitive impairment and dementia in various cross-sectional studies, but whether hypoperfusion precedes neurodegeneration is unknown. 4 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 4,759 Evidence: low

Relation between smoking and risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease: the Rotterdam Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Neurology 2007-09-01

We re-assessed after longer follow-up time in the large population-based cohort of the Rotterdam Study whether smoking habits and pack-years of smoking are associated with the risk of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD). 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 6,868 Evidence: moderate

Individual conditions have been identified as risk factors for dementia; however, it is important to consider the role of multimorbidity, as conditions often co-occur. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 960 Evidence: moderate

Association of Bone Mineral Density and Dementia: The Rotterdam Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Neurology 2023-03-22

Low bone mineral density (BMD) and dementia commonly co-occur in older individuals, with bone loss accelerating in patients with dementia due to physical inactivity and poor nutrition. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 3,651 Evidence: moderate

Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Incident Comorbidities

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. JAMA Network Open 2024-12-12

The study consisted of 20 400 patients (9264 female [45.4%]; 1576 Black [7.7%], 3944 Latinx [19.3%], and 10 480 White [51.4%]), including 5100 patients with mTBI (median [IQR] age, 36.0 [25.0-51.0] years), 5100 patients with msTBI (median [IQR age, 35.0 [25.0-52.0] years), and 10 200 matched patients in the control group (median [IQR] age, 36.0 [25.0-51.0] years). 5 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 400 Evidence: moderate

Midlife Vascular Risk Factors, Parkinson Disease, and Parkinson Disease-Dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Neurology 2025-09-04

Among 13,875 individuals with nonmissing VRF and outcome data with up to 30 years of follow-up (25% Black, 54% female), 179 developed PD at a mean age of 73.4 years, 94 developed PDD at a mean age of 79.2 years, and 1,791 developed dementia without PD at a mean age of 79.7 years. 5 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 13,875 Evidence: moderate

Life-Course Psychosocial Stress and Risk of Dementia and Stroke in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. JAMA Network Open 2026-01-28

Among 11 601 participants (mean [SD] age, 59.18 [9.41] years; 5569 male [48.0%]), 9145 (78.8%) were exposed to at least 1 ACE indicator, 4241 (36.6%) to at least 1 AAE indicator, and 3531 (30.4%) to both ACE and AAE markers. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 601 Evidence: moderate

DSD is a strong predictor of functional dependence, institutionalization, and mortality in older patients admitted to a rehabilitation setting, suggesting that strategies to detect DSD routinely in practice should be developed and DSD should be included in prognostic models of health care. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 2,642 Evidence: moderate

Incident AF was associated with an increased risk of dementia, independent of clinical stroke in an elderly population. 5 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 435 Evidence: moderate

Association of sleep duration in middle and old age with incidence of dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100. Nature Communications 2021-04-20

Using nearly 8,000 British civil servants followed for up to 25 years (the Whitehall II study), this study found that people who slept 6 hours or less per night in their 50s and 60s had a higher later risk of dementia than those sleeping about 7 hours, even after accounting for other health and social factors. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 7,959 Evidence: moderate

Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Before Diagnosis of Dementia: A 28-Year Follow-up Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100. JAMA Psychiatry 2017-07

This 28-year study tracked depressive symptoms in over 10,000 people and found that depression appearing later in life (closer to a dementia diagnosis) was linked to higher dementia risk, but depression in midlife (decades before diagnosis) was not. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 10,189 Evidence: moderate

Among eligible participants (n = 705,061), 264,294 individuals (37.5% of eligible participants) initiated any statin during 2001-2010 ("initiators"), of whom 249,613 (94.4%) were matched with 255,937 unique noninitiators to create the analytic sample (322,358 unique participants; mean age at baseline = 67.4 years; 55.1% female). 3 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 322,358 Evidence: high

No significant association was found between MHT use and risk of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. 2 key findings →

Design: meta-analysis Participants: 1,016,055 Evidence: moderate

Our findings showed significant associations between hearing and vision impairments and increased risks of all-cause and cause-specific dementia. 5 key findings →

Design: meta-analysis Participants: 937,908 Evidence: moderate

Our findings suggest that statins might be associated with a lower risk of incident AD among individuals with the APOE ε4 allele. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 4,807 Evidence: early

From across this tag

10 of the 1,130 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.

↑ Change the filters

Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,780 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,780 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.1% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.3%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed