Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Find studies

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Detection and treatment of Alzheimer's disease in its preclinical stage

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. Nature aging 2023-05-18

Longitudinal multimodal biomarker studies reveal that the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes a long latent phase, referred to as preclinical AD, which precedes the onset of symptoms by decades. 5 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Correlation between elevated levels of amyloid beta-peptide in the brain and cognitive decline

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. JAMA 2000-03-01

In this study, levels of total A(beta)x-40 and A(beta)x-42 were elevated early in dementia and levels of both peptides were strongly correlated with cognitive decline. 4 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 16 Evidence: low

Plasma biomarkers have emerged as promising less invasive alternatives for Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection. 2 key findings →

Participants: 53 Evidence: moderate

Blood Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Cognition: A Literature Review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. Biomolecules 2024-01-11

Recent advances in blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) show great promise for clinical applications, offering a less invasive alternative to current cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures. 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

We constructed a panel combining plasma NfL and GFAP with known AD risk factors (Combination panel: age+sex+APOE4+GFAP+NfL). 5 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 63 Evidence: low

Among all participants, high p-tau217 alone [p-tau217(+)NfL(-)GFAP(-)] was associated with a steeper decline in episodic/semantic memory and processing speed compared to the all-low group (p ≤ 0.02). 5 key findings →

Participants: 523 Evidence: low

Plasma lipocalin-2 levels were higher in preclinical AD compared with control subjects and associated with cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-beta42 levels but not cerebrospinal fluid tau or phosphorylated-tau181 levels. 3 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 156 Evidence: low

The GWAS identified a significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs17149074, within the C9orf171 (CFAP77) gene region that showed significant association with changes in CSF t-tau over time. 4 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Early identification of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has important clinical and research implications. 3 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 136 Evidence: moderate

The high accuracies for Aβ pathology and future AD dementia using fully automated instruments are promising for implementing plasma biomarkers in clinical trials and clinical routine. 2 key findings →

Participants: 920 Evidence: low

The combination of CSF biomarkers linked to different aspects of neurodegeneration, such as FABP3, α-syn, and AD biomarkers, improves the biochemical characterization of AD and Lewy body disorders. 4 key findings →

Participants: 48 Evidence: moderate

Plasma p-tau217 demonstrated better performance in the identification of AD pathology and clinical phenotypes in comparison with other variants of p-tau in a memory clinic cohort. 5 key findings →

Participants: 114 Evidence: moderate

The dynamics of plasma biomarkers across the Alzheimer's continuum

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2023-02-08

This study is the first to delineate the trajectories of plasma biomarkers throughout the Alzheimer's continuum in the Chinese population, providing important implications for future trials targeting plasma GFAP to facilitate AD prevention and treatment. 3 key findings →

Participants: 206 Evidence: low

This study provides a systematic framework for selection of assay-specific cutpoints for clinical use of plasma p-tau217 for determination of amyloid status. 4 key findings →

Participants: 427 Evidence: low

Blood-based biomarkers are highly associated with amyloid PET/CSF results in diverse populations enrolled at clinical trial sites. 3 key findings →

Participants: 417 Evidence: low

Failures in Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug trials highlight the need to further explore disease mechanisms and alterations of biomarkers during the development of AD. 3 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 377 Evidence: low

A Review of Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: Moving from CSF to Blood

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Neurology and therapy 2017-07-21

A set of core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau (P-tau) and β-amyloid 42 (Aβ42). 1 key finding →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Elevated plasma ferritin in elderly individuals with high neocortical amyloid-β load

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Molecular psychiatry 2017-07-11

Ferritin, an iron storage and regulation protein, has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, it has not been investigated in preclinical AD, detected by neocortical amyloid-β load (NAL), before cognitive impairment. 5 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Evidence: moderate

From across this tag

9 of the 710 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 9. The same 9 appear here every time.

↑ Change the filters

Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,780 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,780 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.1% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.3%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed