Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

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In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Find studies

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Increased α-synuclein egress in serum neuronal exosomes precedes the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, persists with disease progression and in combination with clusterin predicts and differentiates Parkinson's disease from atypical parkinsonism. 2 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 314 Evidence: moderate

Neuropathology of older persons without cognitive impairment from two community-based studies

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 64 out of 100. Neurology 2006-06-26

Two (1.5%) persons met NIA-Reagan criteria for high likelihood AD, and 48 (35.8%) met criteria for intermediate likelihood; 29 (21.6%) had cerebral infarctions, and 18 (13.4%) had Lewy bodies. 5 key findings →

Participants: 2,000 Evidence: low

Previous small studies and case reports have suggested that neurological disorders may be associated with bullous pemphigoid (BP). 4 key findings →

Design: case-control study Participants: 868 Evidence: moderate

Cerebrospinal Fluid Patterns and the Risk of Future Dementia in Early, Incident Parkinson Disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 64 out of 100. JAMA neurology 2015-10-01

Among the 128 study participants, the 104 patients with early PD had a different CSF pattern compared with the 13 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (baseline area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.87; P < .0001) and the 30 control participants (baseline area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.69; P = .0021). 2 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 104 Evidence: moderate

This study highlights challenges for the reproducibility of α-syn SAA results across different protocols applied by different laboratories. 5 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 30 Evidence: early

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-synuclein (α-syn) seed amplification assays (SAAs) can detect Lewy body pathology (LBP) with high accuracy but are invasive and costly. 2 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 1,567 Evidence: early

Eight candidate predictors entered the prediction model: bulbar versus non-bulbar onset (univariable hazard ratio [HR] 1·71, 95% CI 1·63-1·79), age at onset (1·03, 1·03-1·03), definite versus probable or possible ALS (1·47, 1·39-1·55), diagnostic delay (0·52, 0·51-0·53), forced vital capacity (HR 0·99, 0·99-0·99), progression rate (6·33, 5·92-6·76), frontotemporal dementia (1·34, 1·20-1·50), and presence of a C9orf72 repeat expansion (1·45, 1·31-1·61), all p Interpretation We have developed an externally validated model to predict survival without tracheostomy and non-invasive ventilation for more than 23 h per day in European patients with ALS. 1 key finding →

Participants: 1,936 Evidence: moderate

Neurodegenerative disorder risk in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: study in 174 patients

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. PloS one 2014-02-26

In a large IRBD cohort diagnosed in a tertiary referal sleep center, prolonged follow-up indicated that the majority of patients are eventually diagnosed with the synucleinopathies PD, DLB and less frequently MSA. 3 key findings →

Participants: 174 Evidence: moderate

TDP-43 stage, mixed pathologies, and clinical Alzheimer's-type dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Brain : a journal of neurology 2016-11-01

We tested the hypotheses that TDP-43 with Alzheimer's disease pathology is a common mixed pathology; is related to increased likelihood of expressing clinical Alzheimer's-type dementia; and that TDP-43 pathologic stage is an important determinant of clinical Alzheimer's-type dementia. 5 key findings →

Participants: 398 Evidence: moderate

Dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer disease: neurodegenerative patterns characterized by DTI

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Neurology 2010-06-01

Increased amygdalar diffusivity in the absence of tissue loss in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) may be related to microvacuolation, a common pathology associated with Lewy body disease in the amygdala. 3 key findings →

Design: case-control study Participants: 30 Evidence: moderate

Despite improvements in diagnostic criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the ability to discriminate DLB from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias remains suboptimal. 5 key findings →

Design: systematic review Participants: 43 Evidence: high

Traumatic brain injury in later life increases risk for Parkinson disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2015-03-28

Among patients aged ≥55 years presenting to inpatient/ED settings with trauma, TBI is associated with a 44% increased risk of developing PD over 5 to 7 years that is unlikely to be due to confounding or reverse causation. 4 key findings →

Participants: 52,393 Evidence: low

Distinct clinicopathologic clusters of persons with TDP-43 proteinopathy

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Acta neuropathologica 2020-08-14

To better understand clinical and neuropathological features of TDP-43 proteinopathies, data were analyzed from autopsied research volunteers who were followed in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) data set. 4 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 495 Evidence: moderate

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a common, fatal motor neuron disorder with no effective treatment. 4 key findings →

Participants: 111 Evidence: low

A total of 3828 titles and abstracts and 434 full-text articles were reviewed, yielding 12 articles meeting eligibility criteria. 5 key findings →

Design: systematic review Participants: 694 Evidence: high

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), exhibit distinct yet overlapping pathological mechanisms. 2 key findings →

Participants: 10,527 Evidence: low

Sex differences in the clinical manifestation of autosomal dominant frontotemporal dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Alzheimer s & Dementia 2025-04-01

While sex differences were not apparent at asymptomatic stages, females showed more rapid declines across all outcomes in symptomatic stages compared to males. 5 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 337 Evidence: moderate

DOPA Decarboxylase (DDC) has been proposed as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker with increased concentrations in Lewy body disorders (LBDs) and highest levels in patients receiving dopaminergic treatment. 2 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 71 Evidence: moderate

Disease-modifying effects of TMEM106B in genetic frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal GENFI study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Brain 2025-04-22

Common variants within TMEM106B are associated with risk for frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP). 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 518 Evidence: moderate

Survival and mortality differences between dementia with Lewy bodies vs Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100. Neurology 2006-12-01

Patients with DLB had an increased risk of mortality vs patients with AD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.88, 95% CI: 1.4 to 2.5). 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 315 Evidence: moderate

From across this tag

9 of the 1,052 studies in this tag that have a study page, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 9. The same 9 appear here every time.

↑ Change the filters

Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 29,780 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 29,780 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (63.8% of the library) and OpenAlex (17.1%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,037 records (3.5% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 964 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed