82/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 82 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2010-07-01
Evidence suggests that delirium is associated with long-term poor outcome but delirium often occurs in individuals with more severe underlying disease. 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 714
Evidence: high
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After multivariable adjustment, patients showed an odds ratio (OR) 1·61 (95% CI 0·80-3·25) for scale 4 versus scale 3 and 4·60 (1·85-11·48) for scale 5-6 versus scale 3 for diffusion impairment; OR 0·88 (0·66-1·17) for scale 4 versus scale 3 and OR 1·77 (1·05-2·97) for scale 5-6 versus scale 3 for anxiety or depression, and OR 0·74 (0·58-0·96) for scale 4 versus scale 3 and 2·69 (1·46-4·96) for scale 5-6 versus scale 3 for fatigue or muscle weakness. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 94
Evidence: moderate
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74/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 74 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2004-04-01
Of 275 patients, 51 (18.5%) had persistent coma and died in the hospital. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 275
Evidence: moderate
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73/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 73 out of 100.
·
JAMA network open
·
2019-02-01
The study cohort included 568 patients (289 [50.9%] men; mean [SD] age, 70.5 [16.1] years) who died in the hospital or were discharged to hospice. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 568
Evidence: moderate
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However, the advisory did not apply to conventional antipsychotic medications; the risk of death with these older agents is not known. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 22,890
Evidence: moderate
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71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
·
BMC public health
·
2013-09-08
This review revealed a paucity of long-term studies on the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of NCD. 3 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 288,724
Evidence: moderate
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Our findings suggest that clinicians should consider sedative-associated, hypoxic, and septic delirium, which often co-occur, as distinct indicators of acute brain injury and seek to identify all potential risk factors that may impact on long-term cognitive impairment, especially those that are iatrogenic and potentially modifiable such as sedation. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 1,048
Evidence: moderate
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Patients with osteoarthritis had excess all cause mortality compared with the general population (standardised mortality ratio 1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.41 to 1.70). 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 1,163
Evidence: moderate
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68/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100.
·
JAMA surgery
·
2015-12-01
Major postoperative complications and delirium are separately associated with adverse events and demonstrate a combined effect. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 566
Evidence: moderate
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Over a median of 18 years, 1180 former soccer players (15.4%) and 3807 controls (16.5%) died. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Evidence: moderate
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65/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2003-11-01
The mortality rates for the derivation cohort and validation cohort, respectively, were 8.9% and 8.2% in hospital, 10.7% and 10.4% at 30 days, and 32.9% and 30.5% at 1 year. 1 key finding →
Participants: 2,624
Evidence: moderate
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Delirium developed in 27 of 107 patients (25%) in the development cohort. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 107
Evidence: moderate
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Delirium is an important independent prognostic determinant of hospital outcomes including new nursing home placement, death or new nursing home placement, and functional decline-even after controlling for age, gender, dementia, illness severity, and functional status. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 727
Evidence: moderate
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Complexity at multiple levels needs to be understood and overcome to develop effective treatments and preventions for cognitive decline and AD dementia. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Evidence: moderate
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Delirium is common, persistent, and independently associated with poor functional recovery 1 month after hip fracture even after adjusting for prefracture frailty. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Evidence: moderate
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Severe psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of death from a variety of causes, with cardiovascular death being the most common aetiology. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 3,603
Evidence: moderate
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62/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2002-07-01
Persistence with statin therapy in older patients declines substantially over time, with the greatest drop occurring in the first 6 months of treatment. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Evidence: moderate
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Delirium is a frequent complication in older ICU patients and often persists beyond their ICU stay. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 45
Evidence: moderate
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There are specific high-risk preexisting comorbidities for COVID-19 hospitalization and related deaths in community-based older men and women. 3 key findings →
Participants: 19
Evidence: moderate
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60/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2001-06-01
Our prognostic index, which used 6 risk factors known at discharge and a simple additive point system to stratify medical patients 70 years or older according to 1-year mortality after hospitalization, had good discrimination and calibration and generalized well in an independent sample of patients at a different site. 2 key findings →
Participants: 1,495
Evidence: moderate
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Dementia, depression and anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders among older adults in LTC. 3 key findings →
Participants: 74
Evidence: low
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The incidence of the first episode of delirium after hip surgery in the elderly was 1.87 events per 1000 PYs. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 118,682
Evidence: moderate
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These results indicate that markers of systemic inflammation confer a statistically significant additional risk for cardiovascular death among patients with RA, even after controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities. 3 key findings →
Participants: 354
Evidence: moderate
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This is the first study to continuously monitor mobility levels early during a hospital stay. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Evidence: moderate
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54/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100.
·
Circulation
·
2010-02-16
Frailty is a risk for postoperative complications and an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality, institutional discharge, and reduced midterm survival. 1 key finding →
Participants: 3,826
Evidence: low
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How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 28,180 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.