There is a clear need to develop biomarkers for Parkinson disease (PD) diagnosis, differential diagnosis of Parkinsonian disorders, and monitoring disease progression. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Evidence: moderate
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60/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2018-03-09
Compare cognitive and hippocampal volume trajectories in asymptomatic middle-aged and older adults with positive CSF markers of β-amyloid (Aβ) or tau to adults without an Alzheimer disease (AD)-associated biomarker profile. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 78
Evidence: moderate
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There are limited data regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biomarkers among patients with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA). 4 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Evidence: high
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60/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2025-10-17
The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal associations of multimodal core 1 AD biomarkers with cognition in a cognitively unimpaired (CU) population at increased risk of AD dementia. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 350
Evidence: moderate
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Abeta peptide 1-42 (Abeta 42), tau, and phosphorylated tau (ptau) are potential biomarkers of Alzheimer disease. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 49
Evidence: moderate
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Assessment of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related neurofibrillary pathology requires a procedure that permits a sufficient differentiation between initial, intermediate, and late stages. 4 key findings →
Evidence: low
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are useful in the diagnosis and the prediction of progression of several neurodegenerative diseases. 2 key findings →
Participants: 535
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2022-11-30
Performance was assessed in comparison to clinical diagnosis (blinded to plasma results) and amyloid status (CSF/PET). 4 key findings →
Participants: 268
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2025-02-10
AD was common in both AD-related syndromes (110/125 [88%]) and FTLD-related syndromes (45/198 [23%]). 2 key findings →
Participants: 125
Evidence: low
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
EBioMedicine
·
2025-06-12
The pTau217/Aβ42 ratio demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy, with an AUC of 0.927 (0.900-0.954). 3 key findings →
Participants: 423
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2022-10-31
These findings suggest an association of sHHV infection with white matter volume loss, attentional decline, and astrogliosis. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 119
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2021-04-30
CSF Aβ 42 and PiB PET showed maximal correlation when collected within 6 years of each other ( R ≈ -0.5). 1 key finding →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 371
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2024-04-16
Higher baseline p-tau181 and NfL were associated with significantly faster decline in most cognitive, physical, and functional outcomes (+1 SD p-tau181: β MMSE = -0.055, 95% CI -0.067 to -0.043, β FCSRT = -0.034, 95% CI -0.043 to -0.025, β fluency = -0.029, 95% CI -0.038 to -0.020, β SPPB = -0.040, 95% CI -0.057 to -0.022, and β 4IADL = -0.115, 95% CI 0.091-0.140. +1 SD NfL: β MMSE = -0.039, 95% CI -0.053 to -0.025, β FCSRT = -0.022, 95% CI -0.032 to -0.012, β fluency = -0.014, 95% CI -0.024 to -0.004, and β 4IADL = 0.077, 95% CI 0.048-0.105). 4 key findings →
Participants: 1,938
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
JAMA network open
·
2025-03-03
These findings suggest that promoting CVH in older adults may help alleviate the burden of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly among Black adults, who are known to experience a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 1,018
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Annals of surgery
·
2019-06-01
Delirium following surgery is common and associated with adverse outcomes. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 282
Evidence: moderate
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During follow-up, 57 (42%) patients with MCI developed Alzheimer's disease, 21 (15%) developed other forms of dementia, and 56 (41%) remained cognitively stable for 5.2 years (range 4.0-6.8). 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2020-07-13
CVR was significantly associated with cognitive performance independently of AD pathology. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 28
Evidence: low
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This article gives a comprehensive overview of cytokine and other inflammation associated protein levels in plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2011-12-14
Baseline CSF was collected from 512 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and 272 patients with other types of dementia (OD), 135 patients with a psychiatric disorder (PSY), and 275 patients with subjective memory complaints (SMC). 4 key findings →
Participants: 512
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2015-06-01
Although advancing age is the strongest risk factor for the development of symptomatic Alzheimer disease (AD), recent studies have shown that there are individual differences in susceptibility to age-related alterations in the biomarkers of AD pathophysiology. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 268
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2015-06-01
Measures of neuronal loss are likely good surrogates for clinical and radiological disease progression in Alzheimer disease (AD). 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 23
Evidence: moderate
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59/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2022-10-03
In this retrospective study, GAP-43 was measured in participants from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort using an in-house ELISA method, and levels were compared between groups, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. 4 key findings →
Participants: 786
Evidence: moderate
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A growing body of evidence suggests that the plasma concentration of the neurofilament light chain (NfL) might be considered a plasma biomarker for the screening of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). 4 key findings →
Participants: 25
Evidence: low
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The relative performance of semi-quantitative amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and predicting the cognitive evolution of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is still debated. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 677
Evidence: moderate
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To test whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) concentration is elevated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and its associations with other hallmarks of AD, we examined the CSF GAP-43 measurements of 787 participants (245 cognitively normal (CN), 415 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 127 individuals with AD dementia) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 787
Evidence: moderate
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How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 28,580 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.