Lower baseline amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio and higher phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were associated with an increased risk of MCI and dementia; GFAP was most strongly associated. 5 key findings →
Participants: 2,467
Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
82/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 82 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2015-05-01
The likelihood of amyloid positivity was associated with age and APOE ε4 status. 3 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 377
Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
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78/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 78 out of 100.
·
PloS one
·
2017-07-13
We discovered age-dependent genetic effects, established associations between vascular-related genes (KLKB1, F12, PLIN2) and midlife plasma aβ levels, and identified a plausible Alzheimer's Disease candidate gene (ITPRIP) influencing cell death. 4 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 725
Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
In TRIAD, ALZpath p-tau217 (β = 0.45, p = 0.02) and p-tau217+Janssen (β = 0.67, p = 0.002), and in ADNI p-tau217 (β = 0.90, p = 0.002) increased faster in A+E4+. 5 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 2,039
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
JAMA Neurology
·
2025-11-01
Participants had a mean (SD) age of 66.9 (9.9) years; 971 (33.3%) were Aβ positive by either CSF or PET, 1667 (57.2%) were women, and 1108 (38.1%) carried at least 1 APOE ε4 allele. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 2,916
Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
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Recently, several genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have led to the discovery of nine new loci of genetic susceptibility in Alzheimer's disease (AD). 2 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 2,025
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
In community and clinical settings, SCC predict both dementia and depression in the absence of dementia. 3 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 6,357
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
To define Alzheimer's disease with biomarkers rather than clinical assessment, we assessed prediction of research-diagnosed disease status using these biomarkers and tested genetic variants associated with the biomarkers that may reflect more accurately the risk of biochemically defined Alzheimer's disease instead of the risk of dementia. 5 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 1,439
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
Blood biomarkers have great potential to advance clinical care and accelerate trials in Alzheimer's disease (AD). 1 key finding →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 70
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
Emerging plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease might be non-invasive tools to trace early Alzheimer's disease-related abnormalities such as the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides, neurofibrillary tau tangles, glial activation and neurodegeneration. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 164
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
The Core 1 biomarker PGSs predicted AD pathology and associated cognitive performance better than the AD PGSs in both populations. 5 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 515
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
SORL1 is associated with AD in the Hong Kong Chinese population. 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
·
GeroScience
·
2023-05-13
Prospective cohort studies have implied associations between blood levels of troponin T, troponin I, NT-proBNP, GDF15, dementia, and cognitive function, without providing evidence favoring possible causality. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 257,842
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
70/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 70 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2025-03-10
We analyzed 1,240 MRIs from 473 patients (age: 69.2 ± 7.4 [range: 49-87]; 32.8% women). 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 1,240
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
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Nine proteins (amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42), beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), pTau181, pTau231, pTau217, t0tal tau (MAPT), neurofilament light (NfL) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)) robustly differed between carriers and non-carriers cross-sectionally. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 113
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
Bisecting N-acetylglucosamine correlated with tau levels (p < 0.0001). 4 key findings →
Design: retrospective cohort
Participants: 233
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
69/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2020-03-01
Patients in the CBS-AD group had a longer diagnostic latency, relatively benign clinical trajectory, greater cognitive impairment, and higher APOE-ε4 allele frequency than those in the CBS-non-AD group (AUC, 0.80-0.87; P Conclusions and relevance These findings suggest that studies focusing on the PSP-RS subtype are likely to miss a large number of patients with underlying PSP tau pathology. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 76
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
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69/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100.
·
PLoS genetics
·
2013-08-22
The primary constituents of plaques (Aβ42/Aβ40) and neurofibrillary tangles (tau and phosphorylated forms of tau [ptau]) are the current leading diagnostic and prognostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD. 3 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 5,161
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
68/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2020-06-01
The large number of participants screened with amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and standardized assessments provides an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate factors associated with elevated brain amyloid. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 4,486
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
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68/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2020-12-21
The clinical diagnosis of probable AD dementia demonstrated good agreement with biologically defined AD (positive predictive value 85.2%). 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 166
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
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Plasma markers can track biological change over time, with plasma pTau181 and GFAP markers showing longitudinal change in individuals with preclinical AD. 3 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 373
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
The use of PRSs may be beneficial for increased precision in risk estimates among APOE4 carriers. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 712
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
67/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100.
·
BMJ open
·
2016-07-19
In conjunction with the NILVAD trial, a European Multicentre Double-Blind Placebo Controlled trial of Nilvadipine in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), there are four NILVAD substudies in which eligible NILVAD patients are also invited to participate. 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
66/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100.
·
Nature aging
·
2023-09-25
The mechanisms by which the apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOEε4) allele influences the pathophysiological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are poorly understood. 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 94
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
We conclude that NPTX2 is a promising synapse-derived disease progression biomarker in genetic FTD. 3 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 106
Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies →
Original source
How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomized / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multicenter collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 31,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.