alzhub.org
Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Home › Research › Topic

Drug trials: efficacy and safety

902 studies in this group. A computer grouped them by what their titles and summaries are about, not by a hand-made list. The name describes most of the group, not every study in it.

Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0). Tap a score to see what makes it up.

Highest usefulness score first. Studies without a score come last.

  1. Cholesterol level and statin use in Alzheimer disease: I. Review of epidemiological and preclinical studies

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Archives of neurology 2011-10-01 Drug development

    During the last 2 decades, evidence has accumulated that a high cholesterol level may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD).

  2. Cholinesterases, a target of pharmacology and toxicology

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia 2011-09-01 Treatments

    The crucial role of the cholinesterases in neural transmission makes them a primary target of a large number of cholinesterase-inhibiting drugs and toxins.

  3. The selective phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) inhibitor PF-04447943 (6-[(3S,4S)-4-methyl-1-(pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one) enhances synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in rodents

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuropharmacology 2011-05-19 End-of-life care

    Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) has been reported to enhance rodent cognitive function and may represent a potential novel approach to improving cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

  4. Solanezumab for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Expert opinion on biological therapy 2011-04-20 Biomarkers

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative illness affecting over 35 million people worldwide.

  5. Implications for treatment: GABAA receptors in aging, Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neurochemistry 2011-03-28 Down syndrome and Alzheimer's

    In addition to progressive dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by increased incidence of seizure activity.

  6. Memantine preferentially blocks extrasynaptic over synaptic NMDA receptor currents in hippocampal autapses

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2010-08-01 Treatments

    Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.

  7. Management of behavioral problems in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. International psychogeriatrics 2010-01-25 Treatments

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex progressive brain degenerative disorder that has effects on multiple cerebral systems.

  8. Clinical uses of melatonin: evaluation of human trials

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Current medicinal chemistry 2010-01-01 Brain scans and imaging

    During the last 20 years, numerous clinical trials have examined the therapeutic usefulness of melatonin in different fields of medicine.

  9. Review of lithium effects on brain and blood

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Cell transplantation 2009-05-13 Drug development

    Recent studies revealed a mechanism that ties together these disparate effects of lithium.

  10. Mg2+ imparts NMDA receptor subtype selectivity to the Alzheimer's drug memantine

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2009-03-01 Treatments

    N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mediate interneuronal communication and are broadly involved in nervous system physiology and pathology (Dingledine et al., 1999).

  11. Akt/GSK3 signaling in the action of psychotropic drugs

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology 2009-01-01 Drug development

    Psychotropic drugs acting on monoamine neurotransmission are major pharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, Tourette syndrome, ADHD, and Alzheimer disease.

  12. Poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with polysorbate 80 for the targeted delivery of rivastigmine into the brain to treat Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Brain research 2008-01-26 Treatments

    Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder manifested by cognitive and memory deterioration, progressive impairment of activities of daily living, and a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances.

  13. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Current medicinal chemistry 2008-01-01 Treatments

    The therapeutic arsenal for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains confined to a group of four inhibitors of AChE and one NMDA receptor antagonist, which are used to provide a relief of the very late symptoms of the dementia, i.e. the cognitive and functional decline.

  14. Multi-target-directed drug design strategy: from a dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitor to a trifunctional compound against Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of medicinal chemistry 2007-11-30 Treatments

    A design strategy to convert a dual-binding site AChE inhibitor into triple functional compounds with promising in vitro profile against multifactorial syndromes, such as Alzheimer's disease, is proposed.

  15. Valsartan lowers brain beta-amyloid protein levels and improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of clinical investigation 2007-11-01 Drug development

    Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that some antihypertensive medications may reduce the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD).

  16. Memantine: a NMDA receptor antagonist that improves memory by restoration of homeostasis in the glutamatergic system--too little activation is bad, too much is even worse

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuropharmacology 2007-08-10 Treatments

    The neurotransmitter glutamate activates several classes of metabotropic receptor and three major types of ionotropic receptor--alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), kainate and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA).

  17. Drug development for CNS disorders: strategies for balancing risk and reducing attrition

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Nature reviews. Drug discovery 2007-07-01 Costs and economics

    Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) are some of the most prevalent, devastating and yet poorly treated illnesses.

  18. Donepezil: an update

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 2007-05-01 Treatments

    Donepezil hydrochloride is the most widely prescribed drug for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  19. The chemical biology of clinically tolerated NMDA receptor antagonists

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neurochemistry 2006-06-01 Treatments

    Phase 3 (final) clinical trials have shown that memantine is effective in treating moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease while being well tolerated.

  20. Paradigm shift in neuroprotection by NMDA receptor blockade: memantine and beyond

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Nature reviews. Drug discovery 2006-02-01 Treatments

    Neuroprotective drugs tested in clinical trials, particularly those that block N-methyl-D-aspartate-sensitive glutamate receptors (NMDARs), have failed miserably in large part because of intolerable side effects.

  21. Mechanism of action of memantine

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Current opinion in pharmacology 2005-12-20 Treatments

    Memantine is a clinically useful drug in many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease.

  22. The interplay of neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. CNS spectrums 2005-11-01 Treatments

    Evidence exists for both cholinergic and glutamatergic involvement in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease.

  23. Vagal nerve stimulation: a review of its applications and potential mechanisms that mediate its clinical effects

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 2005-05-01 Risk factors

    Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is an approved treatment for epilepsy and is currently under investigation as a therapy for other disorders, including depression, anxiety and Alzheimer's disease.

  24. The molecular basis of memantine action in Alzheimer's disease and other neurologic disorders: low-affinity, uncompetitive antagonism

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Current Alzheimer research 2005-04-01 Treatments

    Recent phase 3 clinical trials have shown that memantine is effective in the treatment of both mild and moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease and possibly vascular dementia (multi-infarct dementia).

  25. The cardiovascular continuum and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of Hypertension 2005-04-01 Drug development

    A progressive chain of pathophysiological events links cardiovascular risk factors to clinical manifestations of disease and life-threatening cardiovascular events.

From across this topic

9 of the 902 studies in this topic, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 9. The same 9 appear here every time.

Other topics