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Urine formaldehyde level is inversely correlated to mini mental state examination scores in senile dementia
Tong Z, Zhang J, Luo W, Wang W, Li F, Li H, Luo H, Lu J et al.. Neurobiology of aging, 2009-10-29
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
It is widely known that exogenous formaldehyde exposure induces human cognitive impairment and animal memory loss; and recent studies show that formaldehyde at pathological levels induces Aβ deposition and misfolding of tau protein to form globular amyloid-like aggregates. Endogenous formaldehyde may be a marker for progressive senile dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of endogenous formaldehyde in urine of senile dementia and mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores.
Key findings
- Endogenous formaldehyde may be a marker for progressive senile dementia.
- The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of endogenous formaldehyde in urine of senile dementia and mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores.
- Formaldehyde level was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (with fluorescence detection) in human urine from dementia patients (n=141), patients with hypertension (n=33) or diabetes (n=16) and healthy individuals (n=38), autopsy hippocampus samples from Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and brains of three types of AD animal model: namely, senescence accelerated mice (SAMP8), APP-transgenic mice and APP/PS1-transgenic mice.
- In a double-blind study, there was marked elevation of urine formaldehyde levels in patients (n=91) with dementia, and a slight increase in patients (n=50) with mild cognitive impairment.
Why it matters
This study measured formaldehyde levels in urine from dementia patients, other patient groups, and healthy individuals and compared them with mini mental state examination scores. It reports a correlation only and does not test any treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
Study details
- Participants141
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 41/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 26 of the 64 points we could judge it on, which is 41 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neurobiology of aging) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2011 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 141 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (OpenAlex dates this DOI to 2009, the record says 2011; OpenAlex values not used) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 19879019) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 26 / 64 | Scored on 12 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 26 of the 64 points we could judge it on is 41 out of 100. |
| Total | 41 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Tong, Z., Zhang, J., Luo, W., Wang, W., Li, F., Li, H., et al. (2011). Urine formaldehyde level is inversely correlated to mini mental state examination scores in senile dementia. Neurobiology of aging. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.07.013
Vancouver
Tong Z, Zhang J, Luo W, Wang W, Li F, Li H, et al. Urine formaldehyde level is inversely correlated to mini mental state examination scores in senile dementia. Neurobiology of aging. 2011. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.07.013. PMID: 19879019.
BibTeX
@article{tong2011-19879019,
author = {Tong, Z. and Zhang, J. and Luo, W. and Wang, W. and Li, F. and Li, H. and Luo, H. and Lu, J. and others},
title = {{Urine formaldehyde level is inversely correlated to mini mental state examination scores in senile dementia}},
journal = {Neurobiology of aging},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.07.013},
pmid = {19879019},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.07.013}
}
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