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The concentration-dependent protective effects by new generation hypoglycemic agents on delirium, depression, dementia and coma: evidence from a network meta-analysis
Ping‐Tao Tseng, Bing‐Yan Zeng, Chih‐Wei Hsu, Mein‐Woei Suen, Chao‐Ming Hung, Andre Ferrer Carvalho, Brendon Stubbs, Yen‐Wen Chen et al.. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2025-12-08
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
A total of 62 RCTs comprising 200,068 participants were included. Among all treatments, only high-dose dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) significantly reduced the occurrence of delirium and depression, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes. Dulaglutide and liraglutide were the only agents associated with cognitive improvement. No significant benefits were observed for dementia or coma across all agents. This analysis highlights agent-specific neuroprotective profiles: SGLT2 inhibitors, especially high-dose dapagliflozin, may mitigate the onset of delirium and depression, while GLP-1 receptor agonists, notably dulaglutide and liraglutide, may enhance cognitive function. These findings warrant consideration in selecting antihyperglycemic therapies for individuals at elevated neuropsychiatric risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42024601021.The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center (TSGHIRB E202516007).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Tseng, P., Zeng, B., Hsu, C., Suen, M., Hung, C., Carvalho, A. F., et al. (2025). The concentration-dependent protective effects by new generation hypoglycemic agents on delirium, depression, dementia and coma: evidence from a network meta-analysis. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768251395877
Vancouver
Tseng P, Zeng B, Hsu C, Suen M, Hung C, Carvalho AF, et al. The concentration-dependent protective effects by new generation hypoglycemic agents on delirium, depression, dementia and coma: evidence from a network meta-analysis. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2025. doi:10.1177/01410768251395877. PMID: 41359407.
BibTeX
@article{tseng2025-41359407,
author = {Tseng, Ping‐Tao and Zeng, Bing‐Yan and Hsu, Chih‐Wei and Suen, Mein‐Woei and Hung, Chao‐Ming and Carvalho, Andre Ferrer and Stubbs, Brendon and Chen, Yen‐Wen and others},
title = {{The concentration-dependent protective effects by new generation hypoglycemic agents on delirium, depression, dementia and coma: evidence from a network meta-analysis}},
journal = {Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1177/01410768251395877},
pmid = {41359407},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768251395877}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- A total of 62 RCTs comprising 200,068 participants were included.
- Among all treatments, only high-dose dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) significantly reduced the occurrence of delirium and depression, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- Dulaglutide and liraglutide were the only agents associated with cognitive improvement.
- No significant benefits were observed for dementia or coma across all agents.
- This analysis highlights agent-specific neuroprotective profiles: SGLT2 inhibitors, especially high-dose dapagliflozin, may mitigate the onset of delirium and depression, while GLP-1 receptor agonists, notably dulaglutide and liraglutide, may enhance cognitive function.
Why it matters
This network meta-analysis of 62 RCTs found that only high-dose dapagliflozin significantly reduced delirium and depression, and dulaglutide and liraglutide were associated with cognitive improvement. No significant benefits were observed for dementia or coma across all agents.
Study details
- Study designmeta-analysis
- Participants200,068
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 62/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a meta-analysis pooling many studies. Scored zero for effect reported because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine: journal h-index 164 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A meta-analysis pooling many studies |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 4 / 4 | 200,068 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here |
| Times cited | 1 / 7 | Cited 4 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 1.3 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 2.4× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 4 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Chih‐Sung Liang: h-index 39 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | King's College London: institution h-index 1,348 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 3 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 17 institution(s) in 4 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41359407) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 62 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1177/01410768251395877
- PubMed: 41359407
- Original source →
- Free full text: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
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Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.
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