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Terminally differentiated effector memory T cells associate with cognitive and AD-related biomarkers in an aging-based community cohort
Winford E, Lutshumba J, Martin BJ, Wilcock DM, Jicha GA, Nikolajczyk BS, Stowe AM, Bachstetter AD.. Immunity & ageing : I & A, 2024-06-12
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Background and purpose The immune response changes during aging and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementia (ADRD). Terminally differentiated effector memory T cells (called T EMRA ) are important during aging and AD due to their cytotoxic phenotype and association with cognitive decline. However, it is not clear if the changes seen in T EMRAs are specific to AD-related cognitive decline specifically or are more generally correlated with cognitive decline. This study aimed to examine whether T EMRAs are associated with cognition and plasma biomarkers of AD, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation in a community-based cohort of older adults. Methods Study participants from a University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (UK-ADRC) community-based cohort of aging and dementia were used to test our hypothesis. There were 84 participants, 44 women and 40 men. Participants underwent physical examination, neurological examination, medical history, cognitive testing, and blood collection to determine plasma biomarker levels (Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, total tau, Neurofilament Light chain (Nf-L), Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)) and to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Flow cytometry was used to analyze PBMCs from study participants for effector and memory T cell populations, including CD4 + and CD8 + central memory T cells (T CM ), Naïve T cells, effector memory T cells (T EM ), and effector memory CD45RA + T cells (T EMRA ) immune cell markers. Results CD8 + T EMRAs were positively correlated with Nf-L and GFAP. We found no significant difference in CD8 + T EMRAs based on cognitive scores and no associations between CD8 + T EMRAs and AD-related biomarkers. CD4 + T EMRAs were associated with cognitive impairment on the MMSE. Gender was not associated with T EMRAs , but it did show an association with other T cell populations. Conclusion These findings suggest that the accumulation of CD8 + T EMRAs may be a response to neuronal injury (Nf-L) and neuroinflammation (GFAP) during aging or the progression of AD and ADRD. As our findings in a community-based cohort were not clinically-defined AD participants but included all ADRDs, this suggests that T EMRAs may be associated with changes in systemic immune T cell subsets associated with the onset of pathology.
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APA 7th
Winford, E., Lutshumba, J., Martin, B. J., Wilcock, D. M., Jicha, G. A., Nikolajczyk, B. S., et al. (2024). Terminally differentiated effector memory T cells associate with cognitive and AD-related biomarkers in an aging-based community cohort. Immunity & ageing : I & A. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-024-00443-2
Vancouver
Winford E, Lutshumba J, Martin BJ, Wilcock DM, Jicha GA, Nikolajczyk BS, et al. Terminally differentiated effector memory T cells associate with cognitive and AD-related biomarkers in an aging-based community cohort. Immunity & ageing : I & A. 2024. doi:10.1186/s12979-024-00443-2. PMID: 38867294.
BibTeX
@article{winford2024-38867294,
author = {Winford, E. and Lutshumba, J. and Martin, B. J. and Wilcock, D. M. and Jicha, G. A. and Nikolajczyk, B. S. and Stowe, A. M. and Bachstetter, A. D.},
title = {{Terminally differentiated effector memory T cells associate with cognitive and AD-related biomarkers in an aging-based community cohort}},
journal = {Immunity \& ageing : I \& A},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1186/s12979-024-00443-2},
pmid = {38867294},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-024-00443-2}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- This study aimed to examine whether T EMRAs are associated with cognition and plasma biomarkers of AD, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation in a community-based cohort of older adults.
- Results CD8 + T EMRAs were positively correlated with Nf-L and GFAP.
- We found no significant difference in CD8 + T EMRAs based on cognitive scores and no associations between CD8 + T EMRAs and AD-related biomarkers.
- CD4 + T EMRAs were associated with cognitive impairment on the MMSE.
- Gender was not associated with T EMRAs , but it did show an association with other T cell populations.
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Study details
- Participants84
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 55/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 32 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 55 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Immunity & ageing : I & A) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 84 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 38867294) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 32 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 32 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 55 out of 100. |
| Total | 55 / 100 | — |
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