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Risk factors for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease
Marinus J, Zhu K, Marras C, Aarsland D, van Hilten JJ.. The Lancet. Neurology, 2018-04-23
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Non-motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease can be predominant as the disease advances, thereby constituting a major source of disease burden for patients and caregivers. However, current understanding of NMS is incomplete, particularly as a result of the absence of standardisation of outcome definitions and the heterogeneity of the risk factors that are assessed. The best data on risk factors for NMS in Parkinson's disease come from longitudinal studies, with the strongest evidence identifying factors for cognitive impairment and dementia, hallucinations, depression, apathy, excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, and impulse-control disorders. Cognitive impairment, hallucinations, and depression have several common risk factors, and many other NMS share a few risk factors, showing the interdependence between NMS with advancing Parkinson's disease. Disease severity, sex, age, and antiparkinsonian medication might have roles in the development of different NMS, although only antiparkinsonian medication is potentially modifiable. Until disease-modifying therapies are developed, increased knowledge of risk factors could ameliorate early identification of patients who are at an increased risk of developing specific NMS and potentially allow improvement of symptom management or prevention of specific NMS.
Key findings
- However, current understanding of NMS is incomplete, particularly as a result of the absence of standardisation of outcome definitions and the heterogeneity of the risk factors that are assessed.
- Until disease-modifying therapies are developed, increased knowledge of risk factors could ameliorate early identification of patients who are at an increased risk of developing specific NMS and potentially allow improvement of symptom management or prevention of specific NMS.
Why it matters
This review concerns non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, including cognitive impairment and dementia, and identifies risk factors for these symptoms. It states that only antiparkinsonian medication is potentially modifiable and that disease-modifying therapies have not yet been developed, so it offers no treatment, cure, or prevention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Study details
- Study designlongitudinal study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 62/100
Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (The Lancet. Neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | The Lancet Neurology: journal h-index 457 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A longitudinal study following the same people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2018 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 348 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 4 / 5 | 34.8 citations a year over 10 year(s) since 2018 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 15.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 2 / 6 | Cited by 3 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 3 / 4 | Cited 126 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 3 / 4 | Last-listed author Jacobus Johannes van Hilten: h-index 72 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | University of Toronto: institution h-index 1,923 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 5 institution(s) in 4 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 29699914) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 62 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30127-3
- PubMed: 29699914
- Original source →
- Free full text: Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Marinus, J., Zhu, K., Marras, C., Aarsland, D., & van Hilten, J. J. (2018). Risk factors for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. The Lancet. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30127-3
Vancouver
Marinus J, Zhu K, Marras C, Aarsland D, van Hilten JJ. Risk factors for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. The Lancet. Neurology. 2018. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30127-3. PMID: 29699914.
BibTeX
@article{marinus2018-29699914,
author = {Marinus, J. and Zhu, K. and Marras, C. and Aarsland, D. and van Hilten, J. J.},
title = {{Risk factors for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease}},
journal = {The Lancet. Neurology},
year = {2018},
doi = {10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30127-3},
pmid = {29699914},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30127-3}
}
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