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Real-World Outcomes of a Telephone-Based Virtual Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy Program: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Flexman J, Ng J, Risinger E, Serviente C, Busa M.. medRxiv, 2026-07-14
Topic: Health services, long-term care and technology
Changes in four outcome measures from initiation of treatment to discharge were evaluated for statistical significance: quality of life and three therapist-rated Functional Communication Measures (FCMs) of overall cognition, language expression, and language comprehension. Changes were compared to FCM averages from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System (ASHA NOMS). Results All four outcomes improved significantly over the course of treatment (p<0.05), with medium to very large effect sizes. Models with meaningful predictive power were identified for changes in overall cognition and language expression, and a statistically significant but weak model was identified for quality of life. Baseline cognitive function was the most influential and negatively correlated predictor of an improvement in overall cognitive abilities and language expression. These results support the use of virtual CR within post-diagnostic care for older adults experiencing cognitive impairment, with greater benefit observed among patients with greater baseline impairment. These results support the expanded use of virtual CR particularly for patients in rural or underserved communities.
Key findings
- Changes in four outcome measures from initiation of treatment to discharge were evaluated for statistical significance: quality of life and three therapist-rated Functional Communication Measures (FCMs) of overall cognition, language expression, and language comprehension.
- Changes were compared to FCM averages from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System (ASHA NOMS).
- Results All four outcomes improved significantly over the course of treatment (p<0.05), with medium to very large effect sizes.
- Models with meaningful predictive power were identified for changes in overall cognition and language expression, and a statistically significant but weak model was identified for quality of life.
- Baseline cognitive function was the most influential and negatively correlated predictor of an improvement in overall cognitive abilities and language expression.
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Study details
- Effect size61.7%; 29.1%
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 16/100
Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed. It scored 24 on the same rubric, but non-peer-reviewed sources are capped at 16, so it shows as 16. Scored zero for study design, sample size, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 15 of the 62 points we could judge it on, which is 24 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 2 / 10 | Tier 4 — not a peer-reviewed journal (medRxiv) |
| Journal's citation record | 0 / 4 | Not a journal article, so the journal's record does not count |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 4 / 10 | Preprint — not yet peer-reviewed. Hosted on a preprint server. |
| How recent | 5 / 5 | 2026 — within 1 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 1 / 2 | Not in PubMed, but has a DOI |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 15 / 62 | Scored on 12 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 15 of the 62 points we could judge it on is 24 out of 100. |
| Total | 24 / 100 | Capped to 16 because this is not a peer-reviewed article. |
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Flexman, J., Ng, J., Risinger, E., Serviente, C., & Busa, M. (2026). Real-World Outcomes of a Telephone-Based Virtual Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy Program: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.10.26357703
Vancouver
Flexman J, Ng J, Risinger E, Serviente C, Busa M. Real-World Outcomes of a Telephone-Based Virtual Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy Program: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. medRxiv. 2026. doi:10.64898/2026.07.10.26357703.
BibTeX
@article{flexman2026-a83d7d68,
author = {Flexman, J. and Ng, J. and Risinger, E. and Serviente, C. and Busa, M.},
title = {{Real-World Outcomes of a Telephone-Based Virtual Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy Program: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis}},
journal = {medRxiv},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.64898/2026.07.10.26357703},
url = {https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.07.10.26357703}
}
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