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Qualitative study exploring knowledge and attitudes towards dementia risk prediction, barriers to dementia services and service improvement recommendations with diverse populations in England
Rupinder Kaur Bajwa, Matilda Hanjari, Amani Al‐Oraibi, Ralph Kwame Akyea, Manjot Brar, Louise A. Robinson, Blossom C. M. Stephan, Nadeem Qureshi et al.. BMJ Open, 2025-05-01
Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies
Participants possessed some knowledge about dementia but highlighted a need for better access to information about dementia. Participants were knowledgeable about dementia risk factors, but knowledge of risk prediction was low. Attitudes towards dementia risk prediction were cautiously optimistic, and the use of risk prediction tools was viewed as empowering. However, participants stressed the need to consider the psychological impact of a high-risk result. Barriers to accessing dementia services included stigma, denial, language, cultural and religious views about dementia. Recommendations for service improvement included engaging with communities in their spaces, workforce training around dementia awareness, cultural competency and communicating with diverse groups, improving the provision of information in different languages and access to translators. As international policy on dementia shifts focus to prevention, there is a growing interest in identifying those at high risk and intervening early. This study illustrates current levels of dementia knowledge and attitudes towards risk prediction among socioeconomically and ethnically diverse groups in the UK. Barriers to health services for diverse populations and service improvement recommendations offer a starting point for providers to develop culturally aware and inclusive dementia services.
Key findings
- Participants possessed some knowledge about dementia but highlighted a need for better access to information about dementia.
- Participants were knowledgeable about dementia risk factors, but knowledge of risk prediction was low.
- Attitudes towards dementia risk prediction were cautiously optimistic, and the use of risk prediction tools was viewed as empowering.
- However, participants stressed the need to consider the psychological impact of a high-risk result.
- Barriers to accessing dementia services included stigma, denial, language, cultural and religious views about dementia.
Why it matters
This qualitative study found that participants had some knowledge of dementia risk factors but low knowledge of risk prediction, and held cautiously optimistic views about risk prediction tools while stressing the psychological impact of a high-risk result. It identifies barriers to dementia services and service improvement recommendations, but tested no treatment, cure, or prevention.
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Study details
- Participants12
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 42/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (BMJ Open) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | BMJ Open: journal h-index 240 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 12 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 2 / 7 | Cited 6 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 1 / 5 | 2.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 3.8× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 6 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 1 / 4 | Last-listed author Manpreet Bains: h-index 16 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | Newcastle University: institution h-index 932 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 2 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40447431) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 42 / 100 | — |
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Read the original
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Bajwa, R. K., Hanjari, M., Al‐Oraibi, A., Akyea, R. K., Brar, M., Robinson, L. A., et al. (2025). Qualitative study exploring knowledge and attitudes towards dementia risk prediction, barriers to dementia services and service improvement recommendations with diverse populations in England. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092370
Vancouver
Bajwa RK, Hanjari M, Al‐Oraibi A, Akyea RK, Brar M, Robinson LA, et al. Qualitative study exploring knowledge and attitudes towards dementia risk prediction, barriers to dementia services and service improvement recommendations with diverse populations in England. BMJ Open. 2025. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092370. PMID: 40447431.
BibTeX
@article{bajwa2025-40447431,
author = {Bajwa, Rupinder Kaur and Hanjari, Matilda and Al‐Oraibi, Amani and Akyea, Ralph Kwame and Brar, Manjot and Robinson, Louise A. and Stephan, Blossom C. M. and Qureshi, Nadeem and others},
title = {{Qualitative study exploring knowledge and attitudes towards dementia risk prediction, barriers to dementia services and service improvement recommendations with diverse populations in England}},
journal = {BMJ Open},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092370},
pmid = {40447431},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092370}
}
Studies this one cites
Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.