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54/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100. Risk factors

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Older adults with cognitive decline are vulnerable to various health problems. Going out of home for longer time could be beneficial for their health. Identifying modifiable predictors is essential for developing effective strategies that would increase time spent out-of-home by older adults. This study examined social and physical environmental predictors of objectively measured out-of-home time spent among older adults with cognitive decline. This study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (n = 147). Out-of-home time per day was measured by a Global Positioning System at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Baseline data of social environment (living alone, social network [Japanese version of the Lubben Social Network Scale]), objective physical environment (road network distance from each home address to nearest supermarket store, convenience store, and public transportation), and demographic factors (gender, age, education, driving status, fear of falling) were examined as potential predictors. After adjusting main effects of allocation group, time of measures, and their interactive effect, a mixed model showed that younger age (p = 0.044), current driving status (p = 0.039), and stronger social network (p = 0.003) were predictors of out-of-home time. However, none of the physical environmental factors significantly predicted outdoor time. The present study found that social network was a predictor of objectively measured out-of-home time among older adults with global cognitive decline. A sufficient social network might help increase out-of-home time among them. However, the influence of physical environment on out-of-home time might be small.

Key findings

After adjusting main effects of allocation group, time of measures, and their interactive effect, a mixed model showed that younger age (p = 0.044), current driving status (p = 0.039), and stronger social network (p = 0.003) were predictors of out-of-home time.
However, none of the physical environmental factors significantly predicted outdoor time.

Why it matters

Among older adults with cognitive decline, younger age, current driving, and stronger social networks predicted more time spent out of home, but physical environmental factors like distance to stores did not. This is a secondary analysis of a trial and does not test any treatment or prevention for Alzheimer's.

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Study details

Study designrandomized controlled trial
Participants147
Evidence strengthHigh

How this study scored 54/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a randomised controlled trial. Scored zero for effect reported because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Archives of gerontology and geriatrics)
Journal's citation record	1 / 4	Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics: journal h-index 132 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	11 / 12	A randomised controlled trial
Strength of evidence	5 / 5	Rated “high” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	2 / 5	2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	2 / 4	147 participants
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	3 / 3	Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomised / blinded	1 / 2	Randomised (as stated in the record)
Times cited	2 / 7	Cited 14 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	1 / 5	1.6 citations a year over 9 year(s) since 2019
Impact for its field and year	2 / 6	Cited 1.2× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	1 / 4	Cited 6 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	3 / 4	Last-listed author Hiroyuki Shimada: h-index 64 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	0 / 3	Kobe University: institution h-index 619 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	1 / 3	OpenAlex lists 3 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 30878823)
Free to read	0 / 2	Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total	54 / 100	—

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Read the original

Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

APA 7th

Kazuhiro, H., Sangyoon, L., Sungchul, L., Seongryu, B., Kenji, H., & Hiroyuki, S. (2019). Environmental predictors of objectively measured out-of-home time among older adults with cognitive decline. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2019.01.021

Vancouver

Kazuhiro H, Sangyoon L, Sungchul L, Seongryu B, Kenji H, Hiroyuki S. Environmental predictors of objectively measured out-of-home time among older adults with cognitive decline. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2019.01.021. PMID: 30878823.

BibTeX

@article{kazuhiro2019-30878823,
  author  = {Kazuhiro, Harada and Sangyoon, Lee and Sungchul, Lee and Seongryu, Bae and Kenji, Harada and Hiroyuki, Shimada},
  title   = {{Environmental predictors of objectively measured out-of-home time among older adults with cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Archives of gerontology and geriatrics},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.archger.2019.01.021},
  pmid    = {30878823},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2019.01.021}
}

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