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Economic Burden of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review
Lyn Xuan Tay, Siew Chin Ong, Lynn Jia Tay, Trecia Ng, Thaigarajan Parumasivam. Value in health regional issues, 2023-11-14
Topic: Health services, long-term care and technology
Twelve of 5536 studies met the inclusion criteria. The total annual cost of AD per capita ranged from US $468.28 in mild AD to US $171 283.80 in severe AD. The cost of care raised nonlinearly with disease severity. Indirect caregiving cost represented the main contributor to societal cost in community-dwelling patients. When special caregiving accommodation was opted in daily care, it results in cost shifting from indirect cost to direct nonmedical cost. Formal caregiving accommodation caused increase in direct cost up to 67.3% of overall economic burden of the disease. AD exerts a huge economic burden on patients and caregivers. Overall rise of each cost component could be anticipated with disease deterioration. Choice of special caregiving accommodation could reduce caregiver's productivity loss but increase the direct nonmedical expenditure of the disease from societal perspective.
Key findings
- Twelve of 5536 studies met the inclusion criteria.
- The total annual cost of AD per capita ranged from US $468.28 in mild AD to US $171 283.80 in severe AD.
- The cost of care raised nonlinearly with disease severity.
- Indirect caregiving cost represented the main contributor to societal cost in community-dwelling patients.
- When special caregiving accommodation was opted in daily care, it results in cost shifting from indirect cost to direct nonmedical cost.
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Study details
- Study designsystematic review
- Effect size67.3%
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 75/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a systematic review of all the studies on the question. Scored zero for sample size and studied in people because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 42 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 75 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Value in health regional issues) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A systematic review of all the studies on the question |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2024 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 37972428) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 42 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 42 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 75 out of 100. |
| Total | 75 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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APA 7th
Tay, L. X., Ong, S. C., Tay, L. J., Ng, T., & Parumasivam, T. (2024). Economic Burden of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Value in health regional issues. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2023.09.008
Vancouver
Tay LX, Ong SC, Tay LJ, Ng T, Parumasivam T. Economic Burden of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. Value in health regional issues. 2024. doi:10.1016/j.vhri.2023.09.008. PMID: 37972428.
BibTeX
@article{tay2024-37972428,
author = {Tay, Lyn Xuan and Ong, Siew Chin and Tay, Lynn Jia and Ng, Trecia and Parumasivam, Thaigarajan},
title = {{Economic Burden of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review}},
journal = {Value in health regional issues},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1016/j.vhri.2023.09.008},
pmid = {37972428},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2023.09.008}
}