Home › Research › Risk factors
Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Moderate the Relationship between Apolipoprotein E Status and Cognitive Functioning?
Lyla Wadia, Stella M. Garriga, Timothy Belliveau, Franchesca Arias, Carmen I. Carrión. Alzheimer s & Dementia, 2025-12-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Environmental factors like neighborhood disadvantage are also associated with cognitive decline, however, few studies have integrated this with APOE research. Result CFA results supported the domain groupings (Χ 2 (34)=95.395, p < .001; RMSEA = 0.080 [90% CI=0.062, 0.100]; CFI = 0.952; TLI = 0.922). Only memory and attention domains met normality assumptions and neither the overall model for memory ( R 2 = 0.17, F (10, 75)=1.48, p = .163) or attention ( R 2 = 0.16, F (10, 75)=1.40, p = .199) were statically significant. APOE status was not a significant predictor for performance on memory ( β = ‐0.36, p = .430) or attention ( β = 0.52, p = .265) measures. ADI was not a significant predictor for performance on memory ( β = 0.15, p = .593) or attention (β=0.24, p = .414) measures. The APOE*ADI interaction was not significant for measures of memory ( β = ‐0.12, p = .486) or attention ( β = ‐0.14, p = .429).
Key findings
- Environmental factors like neighborhood disadvantage are also associated with cognitive decline, however, few studies have integrated this with APOE research.
- Result CFA results supported the domain groupings (Χ 2 (34)=95.395, p < .001; RMSEA = 0.080 [90% CI=0.062, 0.100]; CFI = 0.952; TLI = 0.922).
- Only memory and attention domains met normality assumptions and neither the overall model for memory ( R 2 = 0.17, F (10, 75)=1.48, p = .163) or attention ( R 2 = 0.16, F (10, 75)=1.40, p = .199) were statically significant.
- APOE status was not a significant predictor for performance on memory ( β = ‐0.36, p = .430) or attention ( β = 0.52, p = .265) measures.
- ADI was not a significant predictor for performance on memory ( β = 0.15, p = .593) or attention (β=0.24, p = .414) measures.
Why it matters
In this study, neither APOE status, neighborhood disadvantage, nor their interaction significantly predicted memory or attention performance. The overall models were not statistically significant, so the study found no evidence that neighborhood disadvantage changes the relationship between APOE and cognition.
New to this subject? Start with our plain-English guide: Risk factors, ranked →
Study details
- Participants190
- Effect size53.7%; 80.5%; 62.6%
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 39/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Alzheimer s & Dementia) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Alzheimer s & Dementia: journal h-index 228 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 4 / 5 | 2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 190 participants |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 0 / 7 | Cited 0 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 0 / 5 | 0.0 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025 |
| Impact for its field and year | 0 / 6 | Cited 0.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 0 / 4 | Cited 0 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 1 / 4 | Last-listed author Carmen I. Carrión: h-index 7 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | Yale University: institution h-index 1,927 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 41448718) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 39 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1002/alz70857_103936
- PubMed: 41448718
- Original source →
- Free full text: Alzheimer s & Dementia →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Wadia, L., Garriga, S. M., Belliveau, T., Arias, F., & Carrión, C. I. (2025). Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Moderate the Relationship between Apolipoprotein E Status and Cognitive Functioning? Alzheimer s & Dementia. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz70857_103936
Vancouver
Wadia L, Garriga SM, Belliveau T, Arias F, Carrión CI. Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Moderate the Relationship between Apolipoprotein E Status and Cognitive Functioning? Alzheimer s & Dementia. 2025. doi:10.1002/alz70857_103936. PMID: 41448718.
BibTeX
@article{wadia2025-41448718,
author = {Wadia, Lyla and Garriga, Stella M. and Belliveau, Timothy and Arias, Franchesca and Carrión, Carmen I.},
title = {{Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Moderate the Relationship between Apolipoprotein E Status and Cognitive Functioning?}},
journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1002/alz70857_103936},
pmid = {41448718},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz70857_103936}
}
Related studies in Risk factors
Also tagged “amyloid-beta”
1,339 studies in the library carry the topic tag “amyloid-beta”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 1,339 tagged studies.