Cortical morphology in children and adolescents with different apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms: an observational study
Shaw P, Lerch JP, Pruessner JC, Taylor KN, Rose AB, Greenstein D, Clasen L, Evans A et al.. The Lancet. Neurology, 2007-06-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Background Alleles of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene modulate risk for Alzheimer's disease, with carriers of the epsilon4 allele being at increased risk and carriers of the epsilon2 allele possibly at decreased risk compared with non-carriers. Our aim was to determine whether possession of an epsilon4 allele would confer children with a neural substrate that might render them at risk for Alzheimer's disease, and whether carriers of the epsilon2 allele might have a so-called protective cortical morphology. Methods 239 healthy children and adolescents were genotyped and had repeated neuroanatomic MRI (total 530 scans). Mixed model regression was used to determine whether the developmental trajectory of the cortex differed by genotype. Findings Cortical thickness of the left entorhinal region was significantly thinner in epsilon4 carriers than it was in non-epsilon4 carriers (3.79 [SE 0.06] mm, range 1.54-5.24 vs 3.94 [0.03] mm, 2.37-6.11; p=0.03). There was a significant stepwise increase in cortical thickness in the left entorhinal regions, with epsilon4 carriers having the thinnest cortex and epsilon2 carriers the thickest, with epsilon3 homozygotes occupying an intermediate position (left beta 0.11 [SE 0.05], p=0.02). Neuroanatomic effects seemed fixed and non-progressive, with no evidence of accelerated cortical loss in young healthy epsilon4 carriers. Interpretation Alleles of the apolipoprotein E gene have distinct neuroanatomic signatures, identifiable in childhood. The thinner entorhinal cortex in individuals with the epsilon4 allele might contribute to risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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APA 7th
Shaw, P., Lerch, J. P., Pruessner, J. C., Taylor, K. N., Rose, A. B., Greenstein, D., et al. (2007). Cortical morphology in children and adolescents with different apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms: an observational study. The Lancet. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70106-0
Vancouver
Shaw P, Lerch JP, Pruessner JC, Taylor KN, Rose AB, Greenstein D, et al. Cortical morphology in children and adolescents with different apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms: an observational study. The Lancet. Neurology. 2007. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70106-0. PMID: 17509484.
BibTeX
@article{shaw2007-17509484,
author = {Shaw, P. and Lerch, J. P. and Pruessner, J. C. and Taylor, K. N. and Rose, A. B. and Greenstein, D. and Clasen, L. and Evans, A. and others},
title = {{Cortical morphology in children and adolescents with different apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms: an observational study}},
journal = {The Lancet. Neurology},
year = {2007},
doi = {10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70106-0},
pmid = {17509484},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70106-0}
}
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Key findings
- Background Alleles of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene modulate risk for Alzheimer's disease, with carriers of the epsilon4 allele being at increased risk and carriers of the epsilon2 allele possibly at decreased risk compared with non-carriers.
- Findings Cortical thickness of the left entorhinal region was significantly thinner in epsilon4 carriers than it was in non-epsilon4 carriers (3.79 [SE 0.06] mm, range 1.54-5.24 vs 3.94 [0.03] mm, 2.37-6.11; p=0.03).
- There was a significant stepwise increase in cortical thickness in the left entorhinal regions, with epsilon4 carriers having the thinnest cortex and epsilon2 carriers the thickest, with epsilon3 homozygotes occupying an intermediate position (left beta 0.11 [SE 0.05], p=0.02).
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 40/100
Published in a leading specialty journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 23 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 40 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (The Lancet. Neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2007 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 17509484) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 23 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 23 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 40 out of 100. |
| Total | 40 / 100 | — |
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