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Cerebral white matter changes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia: alterations of the blood-brain barrier
Power C, Kong PA, Crawford TO, Wesselingh S, Glass JD, McArthur JC, Trapp BD.. Annals of neurology, 1993-09-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
The cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia, which is a frequent late manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, is unknown but radiological and pathological studies have implicated alterations in subcortical white matter. To investigate the pathological basis of these white matter abnormalities, we performed an immunocytochemical and histological analysis of subcortical white matter from AIDS patients with and without dementia, from pre-AIDS patients (asymptomatic HIV-seropositive patients), and from HIV-seronegative control subjects. Reduced intensity of Luxol fast blue staining, designated "diffuse myelin pallor," was detected in 8 of 15 AIDS dementia patients, 3 of 13 AIDS nondemented patients, and none of the pre-AIDS patients (n = 2) or control subjects (n = 9).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Power, C., Kong, P. A., Crawford, T. O., Wesselingh, S., Glass, J. D., McArthur, J. C., et al. (1993). Cerebral white matter changes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia: alterations of the blood-brain barrier. Annals of neurology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410340307
Vancouver
Power C, Kong PA, Crawford TO, Wesselingh S, Glass JD, McArthur JC, et al. Cerebral white matter changes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia: alterations of the blood-brain barrier. Annals of neurology. 1993. doi:10.1002/ana.410340307. PMID: 7689819.
BibTeX
@article{power1993-7689819,
author = {Power, C. and Kong, P. A. and Crawford, T. O. and Wesselingh, S. and Glass, J. D. and McArthur, J. C. and Trapp, B. D.},
title = {{Cerebral white matter changes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia: alterations of the blood-brain barrier}},
journal = {Annals of neurology},
year = {1993},
doi = {10.1002/ana.410340307},
pmid = {7689819},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410340307}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- To investigate the pathological basis of these white matter abnormalities, we performed an immunocytochemical and histological analysis of subcortical white matter from AIDS patients with and without dementia, from pre-AIDS patients (asymptomatic HIV-seropositive patients), and from HIV-seronegative control subjects.
- Reduced intensity of Luxol fast blue staining, designated "diffuse myelin pallor," was detected in 8 of 15 AIDS dementia patients, 3 of 13 AIDS nondemented patients, and none of the pre-AIDS patients (n = 2) or control subjects (n = 9).
- In contrast to Luxol fast blue staining, sections stained immunocytochemically for myelin proteins did not show decreased staining intensities in regions of diffuse myelin pallor.
- In addition, neither demyelinated axons nor active demyelination were detected in light and electron micrographs of subcortical white matter from brains of patients with AIDS dementia.
Why it matters
This study examined brain tissue from people with AIDS and found reduced myelin staining in some patients with dementia. It describes a pathological finding in AIDS dementia and does not test any treatment or cure.
Study details
- Participants12
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 51/100
Published in a leading specialty journal. Scored zero for study design, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 9 / 10 | Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Annals of neurology) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | Annals of Neurology: journal h-index 437 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 1993 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 1 / 4 | 12 participants |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 337 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 9.6 citations a year over 35 year(s) since 1993 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 4.7× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 2 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 1 / 4 | Cited 5 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 4 / 4 | Last-listed author Bruce D. Trapp: h-index 105 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 2 / 3 | Johns Hopkins University: institution h-index 2,306 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 7689819) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 51 / 100 | — |
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