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Research

27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 1–25 of 107 studies published 1993 (page 1 of 5) · 27,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 12,859 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Gene Dose of Apolipoprotein E Type 4 Allele and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Late Onset Families

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Science 1993-08-13

The apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (APOE-epsilon 4) is genetically associated with the common late onset familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Vascular dementia: diagnostic criteria for research studies. Report of the NINDS-AIREN International Workshop

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 61 out of 100. Neurology 1993-02-01

Criteria for the diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) that are reliable, valid, and readily applicable in a variety of settings are urgently needed for both clinical and research purposes. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Dementia in AIDS patients: incidence and risk factors. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 61 out of 100. Neurology 1993-11-01

We determined incidence and future projections of dementia after AIDS onset in 492 homosexual men with AIDS in the Baltimore/Los Angeles sites of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, 64 of whom developed dementia. 3 key findings →

Design: cohort study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Predicting short-term survival for patients with advanced Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1993-05-01

This statistical prediction is recommended for use in combination with clinical judgment to certify DAT patients for Medicare hospice coverage. 3 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 104 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Clinical determinants of dementia related to stroke

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100. Annals of neurology 1993-06-01

Among 251 patients examined 3 months after the onset of acute ischemic stroke, we diagnosed dementia in 66 (26.3%) by using modified DSM-III-R criteria based on neuropsychological, neurological, functional, and psychiatric examinations. 4 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 251 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

The course of geriatric depression with "reversible dementia": a controlled study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. American Journal of Psychiatry 1993-11-01

Irreversible dementia developed significantly more frequently in the depressed group with reversible dementia (43%) than in the group with depression alone (12%). 5 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 23 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Apolipoprotein E: high-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 58 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993-03-01

Apolipoprotein E is immunochemically localized to the senile plaques, vascular amyloid, and neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer disease. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy maps to chromosome 19q12

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Nature genetics 1993-03-01

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) has been recently reported as a cause of stroke. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Binding of human apolipoprotein E to synthetic amyloid beta peptide: isoform-specific effects and implications for late-onset Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 54 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993-09-01

Apolipoprotein E (apoE), a plasma apolipoprotein that plays a central role in lipoprotein metabolism, is localized in the senile plaques, congophilic angiopathy, and neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer disease. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Increased amyloid beta-peptide deposition in cerebral cortex as a consequence of apolipoprotein E genotype in late-onset Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 53 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993-10-01

Amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) deposition in senile plaques and cerebral vessels is a neuropathological feature of Alzheimer disease (AD). 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

L-deprenyl in the treatment of mild dementia of the Alzheimer type: preliminary results

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 53 out of 100. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1993-04-01

L-deprenyl did not have a measurable impact on behavior or cognitive function over a 2-month period in this group of subjects with mild DAT. 1 key finding →

Participants: 39 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Factors determining the decision to institutionalize dementing individuals: a prospective study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. The Gerontologist 1993-12-01

This longitudinal study of 196 caregiver/care receiver dyads was undertaken to determine the variables predictive of caregiver decision to institutionalize a dependent with dementia. 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Incidence of dementia and probable Alzheimer's disease in a general population: the Framingham Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Neurology 1993-03-01

In a general population sample, we determined incidence of dementia and of probable AD and will use these incident cases for study of precursors and natural history in this elderly cohort, which has been under close surveillance for over 40 years.

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed