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An Air Particulate Pollutant Induces Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Human Brain Models
Kang YJ, Tan HY, Lee CY, Cho H.. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021-09-24
Topic: Air pollution and environmental exposures
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a major component among air pollutants, highlights as a global health concern. Several epidemiological studies show the correlation between chronical PM2.5 exposure and incidents of neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanisms have not been well understood, partly due to the lack of model systems that reflect the physiologically relevant innate immunity in human brains. Here, PM2.5-polluted human brain models (PMBs) are created in a 3D microfluidic platform reconstituting key aspects of human brain immunity under the PM2.5 exposure. PM2.5 penetration across a blood-brain barrier (BBB) model and accumulation in the brain tissue side of the model are first validated. Second, the PMB model shows that the BBB-penetrating PM2.5 initiates astrogliosis, resulting in slight neuronal loss and microglial infiltration. Third, it is demonstrated that the infiltrating microglia obtain M1 phenotype induced by interleukin-1β and interferon-γ from neurons and reactive astrocytes under the PM2.5 exposure. Finally, it is observed that additional proinflammatory mediators and nitric oxide released from the M1 microglia exacerbate neuronal damages, such as synaptic impairment, phosphoric tau accumulation, and neuronal death. This study suggests that PM2.5 can be a potential environmental risk factor for dementia mediated by the detrimental neuroinflammation.
Key findings
- Third, it is demonstrated that the infiltrating microglia obtain M1 phenotype induced by interleukin-1β and interferon-γ from neurons and reactive astrocytes under the PM2.5 exposure.
- This study suggests that PM2.5 can be a potential environmental risk factor for dementia mediated by the detrimental neuroinflammation.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 43/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 25 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 43 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 34561961) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 25 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 25 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 43 out of 100. |
| Total | 43 / 100 | — |
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
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APA 7th
Kang, Y. J., Tan, H. Y., Lee, C. Y., & Cho, H. (2021). An Air Particulate Pollutant Induces Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Human Brain Models. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany). https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202101251
Vancouver
Kang YJ, Tan HY, Lee CY, Cho H. An Air Particulate Pollutant Induces Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Human Brain Models. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany). 2021. doi:10.1002/advs.202101251. PMID: 34561961.
BibTeX
@article{kang2021-34561961,
author = {Kang, Y. J. and Tan, H. Y. and Lee, C. Y. and Cho, H.},
title = {{An Air Particulate Pollutant Induces Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Human Brain Models}},
journal = {Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.1002/advs.202101251},
pmid = {34561961},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202101251}
}
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